In a particular country in sub-Saharan Africa, a medical study revealed that 0.075% of the country's population are suffering from sickle-cell anaemia. Sickle cell disease is caused by a mutation in the haemoglobin-Beta gene found on chromosome 11. Sickle cell anaemia is controlled by a pair of alleles, H and h, where the individuals with the illness have the homozygous recessive genotype; those with normal red blood cells have the alternative genotype. Using the Hardy-Weinberg's equation, calculate the percentage of the population of the two genotypes for normal blood cells. In a few remote areas in that country, the percentage of sickle cell anaemia reaches as high as 5%. Calculate the percentage of homozygous and heterozygous individuals with the normal blood cells and find the ratio for both phenotypes. Discuss whether blood cells go through mitosis.

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Mitochondrial Mutations

A mitochondrion is a cellular organelle that serves as the site for cellular respiration and energy production (ATP or Adenosine Triphosphate). It is a double-membrane-bound organelle and is only present in eukaryotic cells.