How to say this in a simple english. I want to understand it please RNA vaccines are stimulated in the body by injection or nasal spray. RNA vaccines are inexpensive, faster to produce than conventional vaccines, and safer for patients because they do not contain infectious agents. The mRNA produces a reliable immune response and has fewer side effects. However, mRNA can provoke unwanted immune reactions, and delivery of an effective vaccine to cells is a challenge because free RNA in the body is rapidly degraded. Live attenuated virus vaccines are induced by injection. Vaccines contain live attenuated bacteria or viruses so that they do not have a negative effect on a healthy immune system. Live attenuated virus vaccines provide repetitive antigenic stimulation allowing sufficient time for memory cell production, and attenuated pathogens can also replicate within host cells. However, the drawback of this vaccine is that the attenuated pathogen can revert to its original form and cause disease, thus interfering with the immune system. The killed virus vaccine is given by injection. The advantages of killed viral vaccines include that they are less likely to cause disease due to residual disease-causing properties; They are more stable. However, this vaccine is not conducive to live attenuated vaccines because it reduces the chances of producing a strong immune response for long-lasting immunity. The toxin is given by injection into the thigh muscle or upper arm. Toxoids are not helpful, and individuals with infection or disease are not recommended to give them. Large doses of the toxin vaccine can also result in antigen tolerance. However, toxin vaccines cannot cause the disease they prevent; There is no possibility of returning to foa. Toxic vaccines are also stable and do not change with light, temperature, and humidity.
Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
How to say this in a simple english. I want to understand it please
RNA vaccines are stimulated in the body by injection or nasal spray. RNA vaccines are inexpensive, faster to produce than conventional vaccines, and safer for patients because they do not contain infectious agents. The mRNA produces a reliable immune response and has fewer side effects. However, mRNA can provoke unwanted immune reactions, and delivery of an effective vaccine to cells is a challenge because free RNA in the body is rapidly degraded.
Live attenuated virus vaccines are induced by injection. Vaccines contain live attenuated bacteria or viruses so that they do not have a negative effect on a healthy immune system. Live attenuated virus vaccines provide repetitive antigenic stimulation allowing sufficient time for memory cell production, and attenuated pathogens can also replicate within host cells. However, the drawback of this vaccine is that the attenuated pathogen can revert to its original form and cause disease, thus interfering with the immune system.
The killed virus vaccine is given by injection. The advantages of killed viral vaccines include that they are less likely to cause disease due to residual disease-causing properties; They are more stable. However, this vaccine is not conducive to live attenuated vaccines because it reduces the chances of producing a strong immune response for long-lasting immunity.
The toxin is given by injection into the thigh muscle or upper arm. Toxoids are not helpful, and individuals with infection or disease are not recommended to give them. Large doses of the toxin vaccine can also result in antigen tolerance. However, toxin vaccines cannot cause the disease they prevent; There is no possibility of returning to foa. Toxic vaccines are also stable and do not change with light, temperature, and humidity.
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