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21. highly methylated DNA is active while less methylated DNA is inactive
true or false
Step by step
Solved in 2 steps
- 25. Given the following mRNA codons and amino acids, construct a polypeptide from this DNA strand. DNA AAT GGT CCA CCG CTG 1TI 111 11 T Ou GGT GGC GIC MRNA Amino Acids UUA = leucine %3D GAC = asparginine GGU = glycine GGC = glycine CCA = proline %3D AMAM b iwi tant neto10 e 2obitoabun St5. The nucleotide sequences of the DNA molecules in the figure below were obtained from four different individuals, one wild type and three mutants. Wild Type 5'-TTATCCATGATCGGATCGATCCATTAGCCGA-3' 3'-AATAGGTACTAGCCTAGCTAGGTAATCGGCT-5’ Mutant I 5'-ATCCATGATCGGATTGATCCATTAGCCGAAT-3’ 3'-TAGGTACTAGCCTAACTAGGTAATCGGCTTA-5’ Mutant II 5'-CCGTTATCCATGATCGGATAGATCCATTAGCC-3’ 3'-GGCAATAGGTACTAGCCTATCTAGGTAATCGG-5’ Mutant III 5'-CACCGTTATCCATGATCGGAACGATCCATTAGC-3’ 3'-CAGGCAATAGGTACTAGCCTTGCTAGGTAATCG-5’ a) Identify the open reading frames in each sequence of DNA and translate them into proteins. Write down the sequence of amino acids that will be obtained after translation: b) Which of the mutations above would be least likely to cause a change in the function of the protein? Why? c) Which of the mutations above would probably cause a major disruption in the function of the protein? Why?23. DNA polymerase separates the two strands of the relaxed DNA helix; the point of separation is the replication fork. true or false
- 1b. Write a DNA sequence 18 base pairs long in which each strand would form a cruciform structure if the two strands were separated. Label the 5' and 3' ends of each strand.1. Cytosine deamination, in which cytosine is mutated to uracil, occurs spontaneously in DNA at a rate of 1 out of 107 cytosines in 24 hours. tofo NH₂ 'N cytosine deamination ----ဝိ NH spr a. If cytosine deamination occurs and DNA polymerase replicates the DNA with this altered base, what mutation would be introduced into DNA? b. Cytosine deamination is so common that DNA repair enzymes recognize uracil and replace it with cytosine. Given this information, why is it essential for DNA, the carrier of the genetic blueprint, to utilize thymine, not uracil, as a base?1) What is Dna mutaion and its types
- Which of the following does the enzyme primase synthesize? DNA primer RNA primer Okazaki fragments phosphodiester linkageThe initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is. mismatch repair DNA polymerase proofreading nucleotide excision repair thymine dimersThe statement DNA replicates by a semiconservative mechanism means that (a) only one DNA strand is copied (b) first one DNA strand is copied and then the other strand is copied (c) the two strands of a double helix have identical base sequences (d) some portions of a single DNA strand are old and other portions are newly synthesized (e) each double helix consists of one old and one newly synthesized strand
- The initial mechanism for repairing nucleotide errors in DNA is _____. a. mismatch repair b. DNA polymerase proofreading c. nucleotide excision repair d. thymine dimersDuring proofreading, which of the following enzymes reads the DNA? primase topoisomerase DNA pol helicase3. In the following drawing, the top strand is the template DNA, and the bottom strand shows the lagging strand prior to the action of DNA Polymerase I. Three Okazaki fragments are shown and the RNA primers (asterisks) have not yet been removed. 3'- -5' 5********** RNA primer Left Okazaki fragment ↑ RNA primer ↑ -||- Middle Okazaki fragment -||- *********** RNA primer Right Okazaki fragment -3' A. Which Okazaki fragment was made first, the one on the left or the one on the right? B. Which RNA primer would be the first one to be removed by DNA polymerase I, the primer on the left or the primer on the right? For this primer to be removed by DNA polymerase I and for the gap to be filled in, is it necessary for the Okazaki fragment in the middle to have already been synthesized? Explain why. C. Let's consider how DNA ligase connects the left Okazaki fragment with the middle Okazaki fragment. After DNA polymerase I removes the middle RNA primer and fills in the gap with DNA, where does DNA…