I am confused about how stem cell transplants works. If you put a semi differentiated tadpole nucleus in a denucleated egg cell, it’ll develop into a fully formed tadpole, but if you put a fully differentiated tadpole nucleus, it won’t (because the genes have already been expressed in a way where the cytoplasmic determinants cannot operate to the fullest). Then how come in stem cell transplants, you use adult nucleuses that are already developed and transplant them into the denucleated egg cells?
- Stem cells are the specialised cells of body which have continuous power of division and power of differentiation i.e, after maturation they can differentiate in any type of cell ( blood cell, neurons, muscle cell etc.)of body.
In adults , stem cells are produced by bone marrow, while in embryo stem cells are produced by inner cell mass of blastocyst.
Types of stem cells: There are two types of stem cells.
1). Embryonic stem cells : At the time of development of zygote into foetus, embryo requires large amount of cells for the formation of baby. This time embryonic stem cells divides continuously and supplies plenty of cells for the growth of foetus.
Embryonic stem cells are said to pluripotent i.e, they can change in any type of cell.
2). Adult stem cells : adult stem cells lost their pluripotency, and become multipotent, means they cannot change in any type of cell, rather they can change only into a special type of cell( like blood cells i.e, hematopoietic) or they replace the damaged or lost cells.
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