Consider the reaction shown.CH2OHEx.CH2-OHCH2-Dihydroxyacetone phosphate glyceraldehyde 3-phosphateThe standard free-energy change (AG) for this reaction is 7.53 kJ mol-¹.Calculate the free-energy change (AG) for this reaction at 298 K when [dihydroxyacetone phosphate] = 0.100 M and[glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate] = 0.00300 M.AG=kJ mol-1

To calculate the free-energy change (ΔG) for the reaction under non-standard conditions, we can use…

Answered: Consider the reaction shown. CH2OH Ex.…

Biochemistry

6th Edition

ISBN:9781305577206

Author:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Publisher:Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham

Chapter21: Photosynthesis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 13P

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Show the mechanism for the acid-catalyzed formation of an [α-1,6] glycosidic linkagebetween two molecules of α-D-glucopyranose. Please sketch the structure and use arrows showing electron flow!
The table lists the standard free energies (AG") of hydrolysis of some phosphorylated compounds. Compound kJ mol-1 kcal mol-1 Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) -61.9 -14.8 1,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) -49.4 -11.8 Creatine phosphate -43.1 -10.3 ATP (to ADP) -30.5 -7.3 Glucose 1-phosphate -20.9 -5.0 Pyrophosphate (PP) -19.3 -4.6 Glucose 6-phosphate -13.8 -3.3 Glycerol 3-phosphate -9.2 -2.2 What is the direction of each of the reactions shown when the reactants are initially present in equimolar amounts? (a) ATP + H2O ADP + P (b) ATP + glycerol glycerol 3-phosphate + ADP
Examine the ActiveModel for alcohol dehydrogenase and describe the structure and function of the catalytic zinc center.
MATHEMATICAL What yield of ATP can be expected from complete oxidation of each of the following substrates by the reactions of glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation? (a) Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (b) Glucose (c) Phosphoenolpyruvate (d) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (e) NADH (f) Pyruvate
Extending the Mechanism of Methylmalonyl-CoA Mutase to Similar Reactions Based on the mechanism for the methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (see problem 14), write reasonable mechanisms for the following reactions shown.
Energetics of the Hexokinase Reaction The standard-state free energy change. Gfor the hexokinase reaction, is â€” 1 6.7 kJ/mol. Use the values in Table I to calculate the value of Gfor this reaction in the erythrocyte at 37Â°C.
Using the ActiveModel for enoyl-CoA dehydratase, give an example of a case in which conserved residues in slightly different positions can change the catalytic rate of reaction.
REFLECT AND APPLY An inhibitor that specifically labels chymotrypsin at histidine 57 is N-tosylamido-L-phenylethyl chloromethyl ketone. How would you modify the structure of this inhibitor to label the active site of trypsin?
Distinguishing the Mechanisms of Class I and Class I Aldolases Fructose bisphosphate aldolase in animal muscle is a class 1 aldolase, which forms a Schiff base intermediate between substrate (for example. fructose-1, 6-bisphosphate or dihydroxyacetone phosphate) and a lysine at the active site (see Figure I8.12). The chemical evidence for this intermediate conies from studies with aldolase and the reducing agent sodium borohydride, NaBH4. Incubation of the enzyme with dihydroxyacetone phosphate and NaBH4 inactivates the enzyme. Interestingly, no inactivation is observed if NabH4 is added to the enzyme in the absence of substrate. Write a mechanism that explains these observations and provides evidence for the formation of a Schiff base intermediate in the aldolase reaction.
MATHEMATICAL The hydrolysis of a phenylalanine-containing peptide is catalyzed by -chymotrypsin with the following results. Calculate KM and Vmax for the reaction. PeptideConcentration(M)Velocity(Mmin1)2.51045.010410.010415.01042.21065.81065.91067.1106
Energetic of Fructose-1 ,6-bis P Hydrolysis (Integrates with Chapter 3.) The standard free energy change (G) for hydrolysis of fructose-1. 6-bisphosphate (FBP) to fructose-S-phosphate (F-6-P) and P: is -16.7 KJ/mol: FBP + H2O fructose-6-P + Pi The standard free energy change (G) for ATP hydrolysis is -30.5 KJ/mol: ATP + H2O ADP + Pj What is the standard free energy change for the phosphofructokinase reaction: ATP + fructose-6-P ADP + FBP b. What is the equilibrium constant for this reaction? c. Assuming the intracellular concentrations of [ATP] and (ADP] are maintained constant at 4 mM and 1.6 mM, respectively, in a rat liver cell, what will be the ratio of [FBP]/[fructose-6-P] when the phosphofructokinase reaction reaches equilibrium?
RECALL Many components of the glycolytic pathway and the citric acid cycle are direct exit or entry points to metabolic pathways of other substances. Indicate another pathway available to the following compounds: (a) Fructose-6-phosphate (b) Oxaloacetate (c) Glucose-6-phosphate (d) Acetyl-CoA (e) Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (f) -Ketoglutarate (g) Dihydroxyacetone phosphate (h) Succinyl-CoA (i) 3-Phosphoglycerate (j) Fumarate (k) Phosphoenolpyruvate (l) Citrate (m) Pyruvate

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