Cellular Respiration: C6H12O6 + 6O2 ➔ 6CO2 + 6H2O + 30-32 ATP + heat Alcoholic Fermentation: C6H12O6 ➔ 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 2 ATP + heat Lactic Acid Fermentation: C6H12O6 ➔ 2CH3CHOHCOO- + 2ATP + heat   Based on the equations above, which method of breaking down glucose is most efficient? Include evidence that supports your claim.

Q: Reactions and Thermodynamics of Glycolysis

A: Third step of glycolysis, fructose-6-phosphate is converted to fructose- 1,6-bisphosphate by…

Q: The photosynthetic process used by the green sulfur bacteria, under anaerobic conditions, is best…

A: The objective of the question is to identify the correct balanced equation that represents the…

Q: In different organisms sucrose can be cleaved either by hydrolysis or by phosphorolysis. Calculate…

A: Sucrose is an organic sugar molecule, which is a disaccharide in composition.

Q: The unicellular fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used in the food industry to ferment sugars. The…

A: In animals, Pyruvic acid has two possible fates in the cell:  be oxidised into acetyl CoA and enter…

Q: Which reactions in the first phase of glycolysis are exergonic at standard conditions? O hexokinase,…

A: Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway whereby glucose is converted into pyruvic acid. The energy…

Q: What do the yeasts provide for the fermentation chambers?

A: Yeast is single-cellular eukaryotic microorganisms that belong to the kingdom fungi. They do not…

Q: Given the ETC, would a test for Cytochrome c Oxidase be positive? (Turn blue) Why or why not?

A: The oxidase test is used to determine those bacteria which contain cytochrome c oxidase. It is a…

Q: Using the following diagram, a. name all the steps in citric acid cycle. (What are the…

A: The steps in the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or tricarboxylic acid (TCA)…

Q: What is the standard free-energy change, ∆G°, under physiological conditions(E. coli grows in the…

A: Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate. The free energy released in…

Q: Once More Overview of the reaction: C6H12O6 + 02 → ___CO2 + H2O + energy and heat In Cytosol: 1.…

A: Introduction :  All cells inside an organism undergo cellular respiration in their mitochondria.…

Q: 17 Refer to the table. Reaction Chemical equation (kcal/mol) 2 glucose → maltose + H₂O +4.0…

A: The chemical reactions take place with the change of energy. The spontaneous reactions release…

Q: Table 9.2 shows that Go’ for the aldolase reaction is large, and positive, yet the reaction…

A: Aldolase are class of enzyme that performs an aldol reaction (formation of an aldol) or its reverse…

Q: CO, + ATP + H20 + ADP + P, + 2H* D ligase D lyase D oxidoreductase Disomerase O hydrolase…

A: Enzymes are proteins that help our bodies' metabolism (chemical reactions) by increasing the speed…

Q: ATP constitutes the most common cellular energy currency. Explain the factors that account for the…

A: The human body comprises a trillions number of cells. Every cell comprises mitochondria. The main…

Q: A mutant isocitrate dehydrogenase produces an oncogenic metabolite such as: a-ketoglutarate.…

A: The TCA cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle or Krebs cycle, is a central metabolic pathway…

Q: Event What happens when What happens when Are there any Oxygen is present alternatives or body…

A: Cellular respiration is defined as a process where set of metabolic reactions occurs in the cells of…

Q: What is the significance of the ΔG°’ value of each step of Glycolysis? Why do some values classify…

A: The biochemical reactions energetics are best described in terms of the thermodynamic function…

Q: Consider two enzymes catalyzing two reactions (A --> B --> C ) in a metabolic cascade with their…

A: Ans) The order of concentration of A, B, C are in order [C] > [A] > [B] Explanation:  The…

Q: Сно сно CH,OH Fo но H- HO- H- Phosphorogluco- isomerase Phosphofructo- kinase Нехоkinase но H- но…

A: The given pathway represents the glycolytic pathway, through which the glucose molecules are…

Q: Briefly explain Boyer’s binding change mechanism for the ATP synthase.

A: ATP synthase is an enzyme present in the inner mitochondrial membrane which catalyzes the reversible…

Q: What is the catalytic efficiency of Catalase ? Table. The values of KM and kcat for some Enzymes and…

A: Enzymes are the catalytic molecules that are used to i ncrease the speed of the chemical reaction.…

Q: The 4th step of glycolysis is cleavage of fructose 1,6- bisphosphate. This is an endergonic process…

A: The series of chemical reactions that occur inside the living body for the production of energy are…

Q: At first glance, the final steps in fermentation appear to be unnecessary: the generation of lactate…

A: Cell can not able to produce pyruvate acid as a waste product in absence of oxygen because it…

Q: Which carbon(s) of glucose could be labelled with carbon-14 label in order to have the label end up…

A: Glycolysis is a biochemical catabolic process that involves glucose breakdown to release energy and…

Q: Approximately how much does staphylococcal nuclease (Table) decrease the activation free energy ΔG‡…

A: Arhennius equation is given by:k = Ae-Ea/RT where A is the Arrhenius constant, and Ea is the…

Q: There are eight chemical reactions that occur in the citric acid cycle process. The reactions of the…

A: Cellular respiration is the process how biochemical energy is generated from food. It involves the…

Q: The first reaction in Glycolysis is the phosphorylation of Glucose: Pi + Glucose - Glucose…

A: Glycolysis is a metabolic process that occurs in the cytoplasm irrespective of the presence or…

Q: Which of the following statement is CORRECT? O Hydrolysis of starch into glucose in an elimination…

A: Biochemical transformations can be classified into different reaction types. Processes like…

Q: The reaction shown below occurs in glycolysis. Which of the following is false about this reaction?…

A: Glycolysis is a catabolic pathway which breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate that…

Q: Anaerobic production of ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae is associated with yeast growth. The…

A: Explanation: Approach to solving the question: To solve this problem, the Monod equation for…

Q: A researcher investigates the effect of eight different pH levels on the reactions catalyzed by the…

A: Enzymes are proteins which function as biological catalysts to help regulate chemical reactions.…

Q: Calculate the number of ATPS produced from the complete oxidation of 1 mol of a 9:0 fatty acid in…

A: 1 Mol of 9:0 Fatty acid undergoes beta oxidation to yield the energy when body faces energy crisis.…

Q: The first reaction in glycolysis is the phosphorylation of glucose to form glucose 6-phosphate: P: +…

A: Given Values: ∆G°=13.8 kJ/mol or 13800 J/mol[Pi] = 5 mM[Glucose] = 5 mM

Q: sub= 18

A: Fermentation reaction causes the conversion of the glucose molecule into the acetoin, ethanol,…

Q: Consider the following reaction at 298K. Fe2+ (aq) + Sn (s) — Fe (s) + Sn²+ (aq) Which of the…

A: To determine which statements are correct, we need to analyze the reaction:…

Q: What energetic barrier prevents glycolysis from simply running in reverse to synthesis glucose? What…

A: The metabolic pathway that converts glucose to pyruvate and a hydrogen ion, H+, is known as…

Q: The reaction catalyzed by phosphorylase is readily reversible in vitro. At pH 6.8, the equilibrium…

A: Orthophosphate : It is an organophosphate, an easter of orthophosphoric acid of the form PO.

Q: Which of the following accurately characterize glycolysis under standard biochemical conditions?…

A: The metabolic process known as glycolysis converts the six-carbon glucose molecule into two…

Q: What effect does sodium benzoate appear to have on the fermentation rate of yeasts?

A: Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the…

Q: Reactions and Thermodynamics of Glycolysis

A: Third step of glycolysis, fructose-6-phosphate is converted to fructose- 1,6-bisphosphate by…

Q: Describe how a) Mean Arterial Pressure, b) Maximal Oxygen Consumption, and c) Blood Flow are…

A: The human body is complex and it requires the coordinated action of many systems. The circulatory…

Q: Please answer questions 10 and 11 using the first picture for reference.

A: Approach to solving the question:Search for or recall the definition of an exergonic reaction to…

Q: Explain why some of the molecules are positioned away from the diagonal in the graph given below.…

A: Answer- There are many differnet types of proteins that are present in the plasma membrane and act…

Q: Name the input (reagents) and output (products) of the following biochemical pathways, where in the…

A: When it comes to life, respiration is considered as one of the basic features which helps the…

Q: Remember that the chemical energy stored in glucose is found in the chemical bonds. Explain why…

A: All organisms obtain their energy present in the carbohydrates with help of a process known as…

Q: In vivo, ATP is usually bound to magnesium or manganese ions. Why is this the case?

A: Adenosine triphosphate or ATP is a molecule that carries energy within cells. It is the main energy…