What do the yeasts provide for the fermentation chambers? Research teams investigating methods of improving the fermentation rate of yeasts have set up two fermentation chambers, complete with yeasts and a glucose solution. One chamber also received a solution of sodium benzoate, a food preservative. Sodium benzoate has been shown to lower the pH of the cytoplasm of yeast cells. The chambers were checked after 15 minutes of activity, and they are shown in the diagram here (the chamber with sodium benzoate is the one on the left):**Diagram Explanation:**The diagram shows two fermentation chambers, which consist of a glass vessel connected to a U-shaped tube. - **Chamber on the Left (with sodium benzoate):** This chamber has noticeable levels of gas filling about half of the U-tube, suggesting that fermentation has produced a significant amount of gas.- **Chamber on the Right (without sodium benzoate):** This chamber shows less gas in the U-tube, indicating lower fermentation activity compared to the chamber with sodium benzoate.Both chambers have a similar setup with a liquid solution at the bottom of each glass vessel. The difference in gas production between the chambers provides visual evidence of sodium benzoate’s effect on yeast fermentation.

Yeast is single-cellular eukaryotic microorganisms that belong to the kingdom fungi. They do not require sunlight for their growth and reproduce mostly by budding. They are used for fermentation of sugars to produce beverages and also in baking.Microbial fermentation is a process through which the microbes decompose and utilize the carbohydrates and other organic compounds in the absence of oxygen. The end products of fermentation are energy, carbon dioxide, and ethanol. Here, in the given experiment yeast present in the fermentation chamber provides the enzymes for the fermentation process. Fermentation does not require oxygen. The products of the fermentation reaction are carbon dioxide, alcohols, organic acids, etc. the substrate is glucose present in the fermentation chamber. Thus, the yeast present in the fermentation provides the enzymes.