Cell type B (transport protein mutant) Time IN [Na+] 150mM 0 10 ms 20 ms 40mM 40mM OUT [Na+] 15mM 125mM 125mM IN [ATP] 200mM 70mM 70mM IN [Glu] 5mM 5mM 5mM OUT [Glu] 200mM 200mM 200mM Q4. Now, analyze a similar data set for cell type B above. Add an arrow labelled with 1° to indicated where primary active transport occurred. Add an arrow labelled with 2° to indicate where secondary active transport occurred (if it occurs). Q5. What is not occurring in Cell B (mutant) compared to Cell A (non mutant) ? Therefore, what do you conclude about the normal role of this transport protein?

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A:

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Osmosis

In simple words, osmosis is the slow, gradual movement of a liquid through a membrane. But there are nuances to this process. For instance, there has to be an imbalance in the distribution of solute in the liquid on either side of the membrane, which has to be semipermeable. The liquid in the region with a lower solute concentration moves to the region with a higher concentration, thereby displacing the solution in the process. The objective is to equalize the concentration of molecules on both sides of the membrane; the displacement of liquid can be viewed as a byproduct of this equalization. Since there is no energy required to carry osmosis, it is considered a passive process.