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- You have determined that a cell suspension contains 1 x 103 cells/mL. That cell suspension was prepared by adding 1 ml of a more concentrated cell suspension to 999 mL of phosphate buffered saline. What is the concentration of cells in the original cell suspension?If you made a hematocrit in two tubes. Tube A is made of 0.60M NaCl, and Tube B is made of 1.00M of NaCl, describe how the cell would respond in these solutions? Which tube would have a lower hematocrit?Intravenous solutions must be prepared so that they are isotonic to red blood cells. A 0.9% salt solution is isotonic. What will happen to a red blood cell placed in a 0.6% salt solution?
- Transport of biomolecules to tissues takes place through capillary walls by both convection and diffusion. Consider an endothelium in which the gaps between the cells are characterized by the following dimensions: L=1 µm long, h=200 nm high, and W=10 nm in width (the last dimension is the distance between the two cells). The fluid is at 37degC and has the same properties as physiologic saline. Let the average pressure in the capillary be 45 mm Hg and let the pressure in the tissue be 0 mm Hg (ignore osmotic effects). Consider a small solute that has a diffusion coefficient of 1x10-5 cm2/s. Does this solute pass across the endothelium by diffusion or is it primarily carried by flow?Mannitol, a carbohydrate, is supplied as a 25% (w/v) solution. This hypertonic solution is given to patients who have sustained a head injury with associated brain swelling. (a) What volume should be given to provide a dose of 70. g? (b) How does the hypertonic mannitol benefi t brain swelling?Isotonic saline and 5% dextrose in water are solutions considered isotonic to human blood. What effect on red blood cells would you expect if a patient were given these fluids intravenously? A solution of 10% dextrose in water is hypertonic to human blood.
- In the diagram below, which situation is when the red blood cell is exposed to hypertonic solution? What is happening to the red blood cells in that situation? (a) (b) (c) O c: hemolysis O c; crenation a; hemolysis O a; crenationA normal red blood cell is small and shaped like a flattened disk. The interior of a red blood cell has a salt concentration around 0.9%. Suppose red blood cells were dropped into beakers of different saline solutions as shown below. In which of these solutions would the cell: rupture, shrink, or stay the same? 0.9% red blood cell 0.1% 2.9%The classic demonstration that cell plasma membranes are composed ofbilayers depends on the following kinds of data:• The membrane lipids from 4.74 x 109erythrocytes will form a monolayer of area 0.89 m2when spread on a water surface.• The surface of one erythrocyte is approximately 100 μm2in area. Show that these data can be accounted for only if the erythrocyte membrane is a bilayer.
- Label the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane of the following pictures. The red one is the human red blood cell under HPO, while the orange one is the toad red blood cell. Describe each cell and compare the two.Which of the following occurs when red blood cells are transferred from an isotonic solution to a hypertonic solution?White blod cell concentration in normal blood is approx 12,000 cells/mm^3. How many white blood cells does a normal adult with 5.0L of blood have? Express answer in scientific notation.