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A) 43 14 When Friend erythroleukemic cells are incubated with sodium butyrate, they differentiate into nondividing, hemoglobin-synthesizing cells. Butyrate-induced differentiation is accompanied by accumulation of acety- lated forms of H3 and H4 histones, as can be seen most clearly for H4 in Fig- ure 4-16A. In principle, butyrate treatment could increase the activity of his- tone acetyl transferases (HATS) or decrease the activity of histone deacety- lase complexes (HDACs). To distinguish between these alternatives, HAT and HDAC activities were measured in the presence and absence of butyrate (Figure 4-16B and C). From these results decide how butyrate treatment causes accumulation of acetylated histones. butyrate 'H-acetylated histone @ (cpm, thousands) (B) N (C) -butyrate + butyrate AQ boiled 10 20 30 time (minutes) free 'H-acetate (cpm, thousands) S43210 boiled -butyrate +butyrate

A) 43 14 When Friend erythroleukemic cells are incubated with sodium butyrate, they differentiate into nondividing, hemoglobin-synthesizing cells. Butyrate-induced differentiation is accompanied by accumulation of acety- lated forms of H3 and H4 histones, as can be seen most clearly for H4 in Fig- ure 4-16A. In principle, butyrate treatment could increase the activity of his- tone acetyl transferases (HATS) or decrease the activity of histone deacety- lase complexes (HDACs). To distinguish between these alternatives, HAT and HDAC activities were measured in the presence and absence of butyrate (Figure 4-16B and C). From these results decide how butyrate treatment causes accumulation of acetylated histones. butyrate 'H-acetylated histone @ (cpm, thousands) (B) N (C) -butyrate + butyrate AQ boiled 10 20 30 time (minutes) free 'H-acetate (cpm, thousands) S43210 boiled -butyrate +butyrate

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...
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A) 43 14 When Friend erythroleukemic cells are incubated with sodium butyrate, they differentiate into nondividing, hemoglobin-synthesizing cells. Butyrate-induced differentiation is accompanied by accumulation of acety- lated forms of H3 and H4 histones, as can be seen most clearly for H4 in Fig- ure 4-16A. In principle, butyrate treatment could increase the activity of his- tone acetyl transferases (HATS) or decrease the activity of histone deacety- lase complexes (HDACs). To distinguish between these alternatives, HAT and HDAC activities were measured in the presence and absence of butyrate (Figure 4-16B and C). From these results decide how butyrate treatment causes accumulation of acetylated histones. butyrate (B) H-acetylated histone (cpm, thousands) N -butyrate + butyrate boiled 9 30 10 20 time (minutes) (C) C free 'H-acetate (cpm, thousands) S43210 boiled -butyrate +butyrate,
Transcribed Image Text:A) 43 14 When Friend erythroleukemic cells are incubated with sodium butyrate, they differentiate into nondividing, hemoglobin-synthesizing cells. Butyrate-induced differentiation is accompanied by accumulation of acety- lated forms of H3 and H4 histones, as can be seen most clearly for H4 in Fig- ure 4-16A. In principle, butyrate treatment could increase the activity of his- tone acetyl transferases (HATS) or decrease the activity of histone deacety- lase complexes (HDACs). To distinguish between these alternatives, HAT and HDAC activities were measured in the presence and absence of butyrate (Figure 4-16B and C). From these results decide how butyrate treatment causes accumulation of acetylated histones. butyrate (B) H-acetylated histone (cpm, thousands) N -butyrate + butyrate boiled 9 30 10 20 time (minutes) (C) C free 'H-acetate (cpm, thousands) S43210 boiled -butyrate +butyrate,
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Histones are highly alkaline proteins. They are found in the nucleus of the eukaryotic cells. Histones package and order the DNA into structural units called nucleosomes.They act as spools around which the DNA gets coiled and thus a very long strand of DNA can be fit into a much smaller space.

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