Briefly describe how the cyclin D-cdk4/6 and cyclin E-cdk2 complexes regulate Retinoblastoma protein (pRb) functions?

Q: If GLI can drive the expression of all Hedgehog pathway components, which of the following would…

A: The Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is a type of pathway first identified in the common fruit fly.…

Q: ne epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activates a complex signaling network - increase…

A: The example shown in the question shows the ligand binding and the cascading of effects that is…

Q: Why is the differentiation of oocytes a great model for studying protein localization?

A: Protein localization is a process in which proteins gets accumulated in any particular location to…

Q: Why doesn't Cdk1 active immediately upon binding to cyclin B? What other components of the cell’s…

A: It includes cell division, replication and growth. All these processes should be carried out in a…

Q: in a fat cell what is the result of activation of genes by PPAR gamma/activator proteins binding?…

A: Peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor(PPAR) gamma is a  nuclear receptor of subfamily 1,group…

Q: True or false If cells were treated with a weak base such as ammonia or chloroquine, which raises…

A: False

Q: A mutated form of protein p5x is found in patients with squamous cell carcinoma. In vitro studies…

A: A gene that produces a protein that is essential for regulating cell division and death and is…

Q: GAP protien mutation from Arg 789 to alanine constituvely activate the MAPK pathway by preventing…

A: Cell growth and cell division are essential for the development of an organism. A cell before any…

Q: Explain the role/importance of the localization of  GTPase-activating protein (Ran-GAP)  in BOTH…

A: The Ran protein is a member of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. Ran regulates nucleocytoplasmic…

Q: What are the similarities that lead to activation of G-coupled protein receptors (GCPR) and those…

A: G-coupled protein receptors (GPCRs) are cell surface receptors that respond to a wide range of outer…

Q: Are any of the following feasibly linked to COVID-19 susceptibility? . Leucine zipper transcription…

A: COVID-19 is a pandemic which is caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Researchers found out a strong…

Q: Which are the events causing loss-of-heterozygosity in somatic cells of RB+/RB− individuals?

A: The DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material that is inherited by the progeny from the…

Q: Gleevec was described in Video 2.5 as a drug targeting the BCR-ABL fusion protein, an abnormal…

A: This phenomenon is a common challenge in cancer therapy. This highlights the need for ongoing…

Q: which set of cells has a functional APC/C – those treated with siCon or those treated with siBRCA1?…

A: By designating particular proteins for degradation, the anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C)…

Q: In many breast cancers, ER (alpha) activation by estrogens is generally considered responsible for…

A: In breast cancers, the activation of estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) by estrogens is often associated…

Q: The Wnt planar polarity signaling pathway nor-mally ensures that each wing cell in Drosophila has a…

A: Gene expression is the phenomenon in which the gene expresses itself in the form of functional…

Q: Comment on the difference in expression patterns between APETALA1 and CYCLIN1. How do the…

A: The genes are responsible for the expression of characters. There are two types of characters:…

Q: 15.3 Explain the fellovine diaeram: prospective nuclear protein nuclear Ran HYDROLYZES ITS BOUND…

A: Since we only answer 1 question in case of multiple question, we’ll answer the first question as the…

Q: The answer did not address why most cancer mutations occur upstream of MAPK (ie. RAS (10-20% NRAS…

A: RAS protein is monomeric G protein , it will belongs in the GTPase super family of intracellular…

Q: What is the effect of having fluctuating cyclin levels throughout the cell cycle, while the levels…

A: Cell cycle  It is a series of events in which cell duplicate it's organelles and divide.

Q: The cell enters g1 and cyclin D binds with CDK4/6  Increases in cyclin D expression prevent p21/p27…

A: cell cycle goes through following steps in a sequence:-

Q: GAP protein helps hydrolyze the GTP to GDP in RAS protein. Argenine 789 residue in GAP protein…

A: Hi! Thank you for the question. As you have posted a question with multiple subparts, I would be…

Q: Rather surprisingly, some cellular components that we know best from our study of nuclear protein…

A: Nuclear protein import is a selective process where all nuclear proteins are cytoplasm-synthesized…

Q: stem cells undergo the fate decision process before developing into tissues or organs. This process…

A: A concept map is a map which tells us about diagrammatic relationship between concepts and helps us…

Q: Which of the following is a correct sequence of molecular events during the MAP kinase cascade?…

A: The study of chemical reactions that occurs within living organisms is called biochemistry. This…

Q: of 16 CAT proteins signal in a manner that is uncommon for signaling proteins that carry out similar…

A: STAT or signal transducer and activator of transcription  proteins are latent cytoplasmic…

Immunology

Immunology is the division of science involved with the immune reactions occurring in living organisms. The organisms are accustomed to evolving internal defense mechanisms to evade the invasion of microbial pathogens. Diverse cells are connected with stimulating the immune responses, which produce inhospitable conditions to the microbes prompting their lysis and thus inhibits the multiplication of the pathogens. The immune system can distinguish the pathogens through the aid of cellular intercommunication and launch responses to destroy them.