Answered: 46. Discuss in detail the steps for the…

46. Discuss in detail the steps for the synthesis of the major metabolic hormorve in the human bod answer max 10 sentences)

Anatomy & Physiology

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168130

Author:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Publisher:Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, Peter DeSaix, Dean H. Kruse, Brandon Poe, Eddie Johnson, Jody E. Johnson, Oksana Korol, J. Gordon Betts, Mark Womble

Chapter24: Metabolism And Nutrition

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 39CTQ: Ketone bodies are used as an alternative source of fuel during starvation. Describe how ketones are...

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1. The optimal conditions for salivary lysozyme (hydrolyzing glycoproteins ofbacterial wall) are 37 C- temperature and pH is 5.2. Explain the decrease in this enzyme activity if the temperature will rise up to 60 °C and pH will be changed to 8.0. To answer the question: a) draw the graph of the velocity dependency on temperature and pH; b) calculate the relative enzyme activity if 10 mg of lysozyme catalyzes the formation of 5 uM of the product per 2 minutes. 2 Consider the matic reaction schee: Asnaragine + H20 Aspartate+ NH3:
1. What is koji and how is it used and prepared as starter enzyme in certain production of food products? list some of its application. (2 pts.) 2. Draw a schematic diagram/process flow diagram of the following enzyme prepared products: Indicate the microorganism used to make the process. (Reminder: Topic is enzyme, here you are applying enzyme-producing microorganisms to produce food/beverage products) 2.1 soy sauce (2 pts) 2.2 miso (2 pts) 2.3 sake (2 pts) 2.4 OTHER PRODUCT YOU CAN FIND involving enzyme preparation (3 pts) 3. Write the chemical reaction involve or show chemical reaction mechanism in(for) the production of the following: (Reminder: deduce the basic chemical reaction, don't provide complex reaction mechanism(s). Quiz will not give you a complex reaction :) 3.1 soy sauce (3 pts) 3.2 miso (3 pts) 3.3 sake (3 pts)
6. In an experiment, students used liver tissuc samples to study the cthanol metabolism and the possibility of ethanol conversion into glucose. The ethanol introduction in the investigated medium didn't lead to glucose level increase. Why is it impossible to convert ethanol to glucose? For the answer: a) provide a scheme of gluconcogenesis, indicate the substrates of this process; b) write the reaction of ethanol oxidation in the liver; c) explain whether it is possible to use the metabolites of ethanol catabolism for the glucose synthesis.
54. Describe the role of an amplifier enzyme.
. The optimal conditions for salivary lysozyme (hydrolyzing glycoproteins of bacterial wall) are 37 C - temperature and pH is 5.2. Explain the decrease in this enzyme activity if the temperature will rise up to 60 °C and pH will be changed to 8.0. To answer the question: a) draw the graph of the velocity dependency on temperature and pH; b) calculate the relative enzyme activity if 10 mg of lysozyme catalyzes the formation of 5 uM of the product per 2 minutes. Concidor NH3: 5.
Ketone bodies are used as an alternative source of fuel during starvation. Describe how ketones are synthesized.
DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS: a) Metabolism b) Catabolism c) Anabolism Please explain this in-detailed and longer, thank you.
27. What is the Michaelis - Menten equation and the enzyme kinetic parameters shown in this equation?
8. In patients after prolonged hepatitis, the ALT and AST activities were measured in the blood serum. What transaminase activity is inereased to a greater extent, and why? For the answer: a) explain the meaning of the enzyme diagnostics; b) draw the scheme of reactions catalyzed by ALT and AST; c) point out coenzyme of these reactions; describe vitamin from which this cocnzyme is derived; d) describe the biological importance of this type of reactions in amino acid metabolism; e) specify the demands which are claimed to enzymes been used in enzyme diagnostics.
41 The following data describe an enzyme-catalyzed reaction (hydrolysis of carbobenzoxyglycyl-L-tryptophan) Plot these results using the Lineweaver-Burk method, and determine values for KM and Vmax Velocity (mM.sec-) 0 024 0 036 0 053 0 060 0 061 0 062 Substrate Concentration (mM) 25 50 10 0 15 0 200 25 0 42 If the KM of an enzyme for its substrate remains constant as the concentration of the inhibitor increases, what can be said about the mode of inhibition and why? 43 Calculate the turnover number for an enzyme, assumıng Vmax IS 05 M sec1 and the concentration of the enzyme used is 0 002 M Why is it useful to know this? 44 Dıscuss the mechanism of the Bohr effect that occurs during the interactions of Hb with oxygen under physiological conditions in the lungs and tissues Make use of relevant graphs and diagrams to explain your answer
6) What is the approximate temperature (in both F° and C°) for enzyme activity in the human body?
4. a. Use the data in the graph above to estimate a KM value for the enzyme in the presence of these metabolites, and enter them into the table below. b. Classify these metabolites as either activators or inhibitors, and explain your rationale below.