8. In patients after prolonged hepatitis, the ALT and AST activities were measuredin the blood serum. What transaminase activity is inereased to a greater extent,and why? For the answer:a) explain the meaning of the enzyme diagnostics;b) draw the scheme of reactions catalyzed by ALT and AST;c) point out coenzyme of these reactions; describe vitamin from which thiscocnzyme is derived;d) describe the biological importance of this type of reactions in amino acidmetabolism;e) specify the demands which are claimed to enzymes been used in enzymediagnostics.

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Answered: 8. In patients after prolonged…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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If PFK is activated in the liver, which of the following statements would be false? a) There are high levels of fructose 2,6 bisphosphate b) PFK is in the R-state c) Glycolysis would be activated d) AMP levels are low e) Gluconeogenesis is inhibited in the liver
A. Draw the structure of pyruvate at plI 7. B.Explain why pyruvate is considered anα-ketoacid. C.
37) The autocatalytic activity of trypsin describes the action of a. trypsin on procarboxypeptidase b. trypsin on chymotrypsin c. both a) and b) d. trypsin on pepsinogen e. trypsin on trypsinogen
Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? OA) The inhibition of phosphofructokinase leads to the inhibition of hexokinase. B) Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate activates pyruvate kinase. OC) In the liver, phosphofructokinase is activated by citrate. OD) GLUT5 transports fructose.
The dietary technique designed to increase the glycogen content in both the liver and muscles in an attempt to delay the oneset of fatigue is referred to as all of the following excpet a) glycogen loading B) glycogen supercompensation C) gluose loading D) carbohydrate loading
The level of ketones should be low or absent in MCAD patients?
Vitamin K questionsa) What transformation of glutamate side chains is Vitamin K (as its reduced form, VitaminKH2) involved in, and what is the relevance of this reaction to blood clotting?b) How does the blood thinner Coumadin (warfarin) prevent clotting?c) How can the dietary intake of large amounts of green vegetables, such as broccoli or kaleinterfere with the action of Coumadin?
For each of the following examples, indicate whether the drug is acting on physical process, chemical process or enzymatic system (your answer should be only; Physical, Chemical or Enzymatic). A. A drug is used as an antidote in lead poisoning and acts by binding to lead particles in body (chelation therapy). B. A drug acts to reduce flatulence and acts by reducing the surface tension of intestinal gas bubbles in the GI tract (e.g. Simethicone). C. A drug competes with alpha-glucosidase in intestine to reduce glucose conversion from disaccharides (e.g. Acarbose).
93. In an experiment to determine the effect of the route of administration of glucose on insulin secretion, a healthy 25-year-old man is given oral glucose and an equivalent dose of intravenous glucose on different days. Serum studies show that the insulin concentrations are greater after oral glucose than after intravenous glucose. In comparison with intravenous glucose, oral glucose augments insulin secretion by which of the following actions? A) Decreases secretion of glucagon B) Decreases secretion of somatostatin C) Increases secretion of acetylcholine D) Increases secretion of epinephrine E) Increases secretion of gastrointestinal hormones
Some are unable to taste thiourea and PTC. DNA sequence results for these individuals show a normal predicted amino acid sequence for the TAS2R38 gene. Provide an explanation that can account for insensitivity to thiourea. (a) First assuming a mutation involving the TAS2R38 gene (b) Then assuming a mutation in a gene other than TAS2R38
By which of the following mechanisms is soluble dietary fibre able to help reduce blood cholesterol levels? Question 78 options: a) Decreasing transit time in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract b) Blocking reabsorption of calcium in the GI tract c) Binding cholesterol and bile acids in the GI tract d) Inhibiting mineral absorption in the GI trct
E3 of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex performs which main function? A) removing a proton from TPP forming a carbanion b) catalyzing the condensation of the TPP carbanion with pyruvate to form hydroxyethyl-TPP c) oxidation and transfer of the hydroxyethyl group to lipoic acid d) reoxidation of lipoic acid in order to keep the reaction going Once acetyl-CoA is formed, it usually takes one of two paths. The first is further oxidation in the citric acid cycle. The second is: a) conversion to oxaloacetate which generates glucose by gluconeogenesis b) synthesis of galactose c) activates transcription factors which signal the synthesis of peptidase enzymes d) it is used in the synthesis of fatty acids.

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