3. What do you think happened? How do you explain this result? Your supervisor gives you an E.coli stain (strain PIP) with an F plasmid on which is coded resistance for ampicillin. Your E.coli strain (strain ZAZ) is F- for the plasmid, and you would really like your strain to have ampicillin resistance. To favour conjugation, you grow both strains together for 2h (in broth) and plate agar containing ampicillin to grow single colonies overnight. grow overnight Inoculate agar plate containing ampicilline (amp plates) ZAZ colonies are blue, PIP colonies are yellow. Grow ZAZ and PIP together for 2h Figure 1. Schematic representation of the experimental plan. In the morning, you find multiple colonies growing on your ampicillin resistant agar plates. Because you had mixed both strains in the same culture, you needed to be able to distinguish between which colony is a ZAZ or a PIP colony growing on your plate. Fortunately, your ZAZ strain grows blue on the plates, so they are easily identifiable. To make sure the conjugation was successful, you choose 3 blue colonies and grow them in broth for 4h, then you isolate the plasmid and digest it with an enzyme that linearizes the plasmid. You know the F plasmid is 5,000bp long, which you use as a control (C) along your chosen 3 colonies. You run the plasmid on a gel and obtain the following result: 5Kb Marker Colonies Figure 2. DNA gel of linearized plasmids isolated from experimental bacterial colonies. Marker is a standard measure of DNA fragment size. C= control plasmid. Experimental colonies are numbered 1 to 3. The control F plasmid comes out at the expected size of 5kb, but all the colonies have plasmid that are bigger and not all the same size.
Bacterial Genomics
The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.
Transformation Experiment in Bacteria
In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.
Plasmids and Vectors
The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.
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