16. Consider the following original coding sequence of a gene that codes for a short 3-amino acid polypeptide: 5'-ATGTGGTCATGA-3' Using the genetic code and the amino acid table below, which of the following sequences arises from a non-conservative missense mutation in the original sequence shown above? Second base in codon
16. Consider the following original coding sequence of a gene that codes for a short 3-amino acid polypeptide: 5'-ATGTGGTCATGA-3' Using the genetic code and the amino acid table below, which of the following sequences arises from a non-conservative missense mutation in the original sequence shown above? Second base in codon
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Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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Gene Interactions
When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.
Gene Expression
Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.
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Transcribed Image Text:16. Consider the following original coding sequence of a gene that codes for a short 3-amino acid
polypeptide:
5'-ATGTGGTCATGA-3'
Using the genetic code and the amino acid table below, which of the following sequences arises from a
non-conservative missense mutation in the original sequence shown above?
First base in codon
U
C
A
G
UUU
UUC-
UUA
UUG-
H₂N+
H
H₂N-C-
Phe (F)
CUU-
CCU
CUC
CCC
CUA
CCA
CUG-
CCG
AUU
ACU
AUC Ile (1)
ACC
AUA
ACA
AUG Met (M) start ACG-
GUU
GCU
GUC
GCC
GUA
GCA
GUG-
GCG
Nonpolar side chains; hydrophobic
Leu (L)
U
Side chain (R group)
OH
CH₂
Leu (L)
H₂N-C
Val (V)
HO
Glycine
(Gly or G)
CH3
S
CH₂
CH₂
Polar side chains; hydrophilic
H O
Methionine
(Met or M)
0 H₂N-C
Second base in codon
UCU
UCC
UCA
UCG
OH CH,
CH
HO
Aspartic acid
(Asp or D)
HO
Alanine
(Ala or A)
0
H O
Serine
(Ser or S)
HO
Threonine
(Thr or T)
Electrically charged side chains; hydrophilic
CH3
H₂N-C-C-0-
Acidic (negatively charged)
CH₂
H₂N+ C
CH₂
CH₂
H₂N-C-C-0- H₂N-C-
C
CH₂
Ser (S)
Pro (P)
Thr (T)
H O
Glutamic acid
(Glu or E)
Ala (A)
H O
Phenylalanine
(Phe or F)
-0
SH
CH₂
H₂N-C -C
"
HO
Cysteine
(Cys or C)
A. 5'-ATGTGGTCTTGA-3'
B. 5'-ATGTGATCATGA-3'
C. 5'-ATGTGGACATGA-3'
D. 5'-ATGGGGTCATGA-3'
E. 5'-ATGTGGGCATGA-3'
H₂N+ C
UAU-
UAC
UAA
UAG-
CAU
CAC
CAA
CAG
AAU
AAC
AAA
AAG
CH3 CH3
CH
-0
H₂N+-
GAU
GAC
GAA
GAG
Valine
(Val or V)
NH3*
CH₂
CH₂
CH₂
CH₂
Tyr (Y)
H O
Lysine
(Lys or K)
A
STOP
His (H)
Gin (Q)
C-0-
|
HO
Asn (N)
Lys (K)
Asp (D)
Glu (E)
H₂N+
OH
CH3 CH3
CH
CH₂
H₂N-C-C-0-
T
но
Leucine
(Leu or L)
CH₂
NH
CH₂
H₂N-C-C -0-
H O
Tyrosine
(Tyr or Y)
I ||
H O
Tryptophan
(Trp or W)
UGU
UGC
UGA STOP
UGG Trp (W)
CGU
CGC
CGA
CGG
AGU
AGC
AGA
AGG
GGU
GGC
GGA
GGG
H₂N-C-
CH₂
NH,
CH₂
CH₂
Basic (positively charged)
NH₂
C=NH,
NH
CH₂
Arginine
(Arg or R)
G
Cys (C)
Arg (R)
Ser (S)
H O
Asparagine
(Asn or N)
Arg (R)
Gly (G)
H₂C
H₂N+
CH3
CH₂
H₂C-CH
H₂N-C C 0
III
но
Isoleucine
(lle or I)
CH₂
CH₂
||
HO
Proline
(Pro or P)
U
C
A
G
U
C
A
G
U
C
A
G
U
C
A
G
NH,o
H₂N-C
-NH+
CH₂
CH₂
I ||
H O
Glutamine
(Gln or Q)
- NH
CH,
-0 H₂N-C-C -O H₂N-C-C-0-
|||
||
H
O
H O
Histidine
(His or H)
-0-
Last base in codon
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