1. What do the drops of NaOH indicate in terms of metabolic output (Hint: what causes carbon dioxide productionto go up or down based on activity in muscle cells)?. Did the number of drops of NaOH decrease after exercise (compared to before exercise) for some people?Explain why this happened (refer to the overall chemical equations of aerobic respiration and human musclefermentation in your explanation).

Aerobic respiration is a metabolic process that requires oxygen and produces ATP, a molecule that…

Answered: 1. What do the drops of NaOH indicate…

Biochemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781319114671

Author:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Publisher:Lubert Stryer, Jeremy M. Berg, John L. Tymoczko, Gregory J. Gatto Jr.

Chapter1: Biochemistry: An Evolving Science

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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1. Eukaryotic cells primarily utilize glucose (CH206) for cellular respiration. However, they can 'burn' other energy rich compounds through conversion to glycolytic intermediates followed by complete combustion to CO, and H;0. Based on their structural formulas and your knowledge of the glycolytic, TCA, and electron transport pathways, which of the substances below releases more energy on complete combustion to CO: and H:0? Be as specific as possible. CH,OH ÇH2OH OH но он HỌ CH2OH он ÓH он
2.3 ANSWER THE TABLE
9. Glucose undergoes multiple changes during cellular respiration.. Is glucose being oxidized or reduced during each of the 3 changes listed below? Explain your reasoning. Glucose рyruvate ►acetyl-CoA–→ Carbon Dioxide (Krebs Cycle)
Based on your understanding of aerobic respiration: 1. Describe how such disorders impair the generation of energy in the afflicted muscle cells. 2. What type(s) of harmful by-product(s) may those damaged cells produce?
3. Indicate whether each statement is true or false. If you think the statement is false, rewrite it to make it true. (4.1, 4.4) (a) Cellular respiration results in the relatively rapid, uncontrolled release of energy from a molecule of glucose to produce ATP for use by cells for various functions. (b) The electron transport chain is located on the inner portion of the cell membrane. (c) When oxygen is scarce in human muscle tissue, lactate fermentation takes place in order to keep glycolysis running. mai reactions of glycolysis. (4.2)
1. Briefly compare and contrast catabolism/anabolism and how these relate to metabolism. Give an example of where each of these reactions takes place in your body 2. List the 4 biologically importance molecules functions for each biologically important molecule in you. (carbohydrates/lipids/proteins/nucleic acids) and give two
7. Identify the correct statement regarding oxidation-reduction in cellular 1 point respiration. * A. Oxidation and reduction that occurs in cellular respiration is happened simultaneously. B. Oxidation and reduction that occurs in cellular respiration is happened in separate reaction. C. Oxidation and reduction that occurs in cellular respiration is happened on the other product side of reaction. D. Oxidation and reduction that occurs in cellular respiration is never happened in any reaction. 1 point 8. Find the key characteristic of redox reactions. b89
1. Myasthenia Gravis is a disease in which the patients have a deficiency of ACh receptors in their skeletal muscles, The result is a weakening of muscle function, How and why would the administartion of an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEl) improve muscle function in these patients? 2. List and describe the distinctly functions of ATP during muscle contractions.
answer all sub-parts.
1. Overall, what do glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and electron transport do? (Know starting materials and products.) Explain very briefly how energy stored in glucose is converted into energy stored in ATP. Where are oxygen, carbon dioxide, glucose, water, and ATP involved, and how do they relate to each other? Where is the most number of ATP produced? 2. Account for the 6 Carbons in glucose. In other words where does the 6 carbons in glucose end up 3. When is fermentation used instead of cellular respiration? How does this apply to humans? Know the industrial uses of fermentation 4. What is ATP synthase do? Where is it located? 5. How are oxygen and carbon dioxide related to the function of the mitochondria? Why do we REALLY need to breathe? (Hint: where does CO2 come from? Where is O2 used?) 6. Know how cyanide stops cellular respiration
. Intracellular concentrations in resting muscle are as follows: fructose- 6-phosphate, 1.0 mM; fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, 10 mM; AMP, 0.1 mM; ADP, 0.5 mM; ATP, 5 mM; and P;, 10 mM. Is the phosphofruc- tokinase reaction in muscle more or less exergonic than under stan- dard conditions? By how much?
4. As stated in your textbook, the first two reactions in glycolysis associated with unfavorable AG° values, i.e., AG° > 0, both produce a product with high phosphoryl group transfer potential. (ATP formation is not considered here.) Compare the two reactions and describe what the driving force is for both reactions that allows glycolysis to proceed to formation of pyruvate.

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