PSYC 2010 General Psychology.edited

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Psychology

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Insert Name Option A 1. https://www.psychologytoday.com/intl/blog/non-weird-science/202004/psychologys-weird- problem This article provides that WEIRD scientists often conduct WEIRD experiments that are focused on a few individuals. For instance, a study that was conducted to determine if all humans are the same as the North American college students compared the European and Moken children only. The study concluded that all humans are different from North American college students. A large number of participants used in conducting behavioral experiments represent educated, western, democratic, and rich society (WEIRD society), which represent 5 percent of the total human population. These researchers sometimes obtain participants within their institutions and to the extreme, their own departments. This results in interpretive biases because other cultures will be considered as outliers. 2. https://www.abc.net.au/radionational/programs/allinthemind/weird-psychology/12766212 From the talk, it is clear that scientists use samples of students from Western countries such as the U.S and Europe to determine the psychological differences across societies in the world. 96 percent of all the psychological research were conducted by the scientists were from WEIRD societies. Most of the top international journals are often based on WEIRD people and societies. These WEIRD people are often used as research subjects and the researchers assume that these subjects represent all people in the world. The use of a small and WEIRD to conclude psychological differences may skew our understanding of behavior among humans. From the talk, we have also learned that this problem can be addressed by encouraging researchers to look for more representative participants and discuss the limitations associated with samples.

Insert Name 3. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/black-psychology-matters/202007/why-black- psychology-matters Black psychology is important because it helps explain the struggles and experiences of black people. Racism damaged the self-esteem and personality of the Black people to a point where they hated themselves and developed a preference for the White people. Black phycology is also important because it leads to multicultural phycology as well as positive psychology. Black people can transcend and stop being defined by racism. Black psychology will help improve the understanding of the Black people throughout the world, which will lead to advocacy for equality and increased appreciation of the Blacks. This will help reduce cases of racism and discrimination in developed countries. 4. Critique For many years, psychologists have been focusing on the WEIRD-centric approach while conducting their research. Participants in their studies are often selected from western countries such as the U.S, Australia, and Europe. This leads to sampling bias, meaning that there is a lack of diversity within the psychological studies. Countries in Africa, Asia, Israel, the Middle East, and South and Central America contain around 85 percent of the total world population but when it comes to psychological studies, they contribute less than 5 percent in terms of participants. Collecting data from privileged populations (WEIRD societies) and claiming that it represents the whole population is like a biologist studying a tabby cat and claiming that the study provides them with information concerning a wild lion. The lack of diversity in psychological research is a serious problem that needs to be addressed to make the information collected more accurate

Insert Name and reliable. Scientists, policymakers, students, and educators depend on the accuracy of the information collected by researchers. Option B 1. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0095798413514608 Black Americans are experiencing mental health problems that result from the discrimination experienced by them, especially in the health care sector. Black Americans experience reduced access to mental health care and they receive poor quality of care. Some clinical training encourages health care professionals to ask the Black patients questions concerning how their life was while growing as Blacks. This is another type of unintentional discrimination. More so, health facilities create an environment that considers microaggressions as normal. These institutional betrayals affect the current treatment plan among the Blacks and their willingness to take part in treatment, thus increasing mental health disparities among them. 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fR31qK4i2es In this video, Dr. Seller encourages psychological scientists to enhance ethnic and racial diversity in their studies. He claims that diversity will improve problem-solving and innovation among individuals. He adds that although there are some improvements over the past few years concerning the involvement of unrepresented populations, the field has not met its goal of using more unrepresented minorities in their studies. He says that the goal of psychological scientists should be to understand that the perspective that they bring to bear and not be objective. Measuring or asking about differences between people from different cultural backgrounds methodologically provides more accurate analysis when compared to assumptions. Psychological

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Insert Name scientists should not only bring the minority populations on board but also listen to them to try and understand their views concerning the world. 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rd-butFSi4Q In this video, Dr. David Williams discusses how racism and discrimination affect an individual's health. He claims that discrimination and racism harm minorities, especially in terms of health. Minority groups in the U.S. such as Latinos, Blacks, and Native Americans face disparities in income, employment, and education. They also receive poor quality of healthcare when compared to the whites and they do not have access to quality food like the whites. These disparities increase the risks of diseases among Blacks, which leads to a shorter lifespan. Williams claims that these disparities can be solved by providing training to health care workers regarding diversity and ensuring the minority populations are provided with good housing, quality education, high-paying jobs, and better access to quality health care. 4. Summary There are many ways through which we can achieve diversity in psychology. My first suggestion is that the field should focus on recruiting and retaining diverse research students who will be working towards publishable work. Second, because the education system is broadening to include online learning and the country is also diversifying, the field of psychology should stress participation in research labs and improve the access to the labs to everyone. Third, the promotion of ally behaviors within the field can help achieve diversity. Lab members can become allies by educating themselves concerning various barriers experienced by different groups and develop strategies for dealing with the barriers. Effective allies can be achieved by attending diversity workshops and training, reading articles and research concerning diversity,

Insert Name and engaging in diversity-related events. With these collective efforts, we will move towards equitable treatment by psychologists that will lead to accurate and reliable studies.

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