Discussion on Developmental Stages of Life

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1 Discussion on Developmental Stages of Life Name Institution Affiliation Instructor Course Date of Submission

2 Discussion on Developmental Stages of Life Question 1: Fictional Character to Discuss Brain-Related Changes This paper will use the fictitious character Emily Anderson to discuss how the brain grows and how relationships change from infancy to old age. Emily was born into a loving and caring family and community. Her parents were highly supportive and ensured she had all she needed to achieve. We will examine the fundamental changes in her life at each age and the features of her family, love partner, children, and friends. Early Childhood Emily's most crucial milestones in her early childhood were learning to walk and talk when she was petite. She also practiced holding a pencil accurately enough to draw. According to Lumen Learning (2019), significant growth happens during early infancy. Therefore, preschoolers' cognitive and physical capacities are rapidly growing. The most important milestone for Emily at this time was learning to engage with others effectively. Middle Childhood Emily's independence from her parents grew as she neared middle childhood and started forming stronger ties with her friends. She got increasingly self-conscious about her changing shape as she approached puberty. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020), children in their middle childhood may face more academic challenges at school, become more autonomous from their families, and have a more substantial capacity for empathy. Emily's significant milestone at this age was the formation of more profound, more complex friendships and peer relationships.

3 Adolescence Emily's physique and intellect changed dramatically throughout her adolescence. She went through the hormonal and emotional ups and downs of puberty. She also started to develop an identity and an awareness of her place in the world. According to Paulu and Osborn (2005), adolescence is a time of significant transition. People in their twenties are at a crossroads, finding who they are, forming relationships, and making big choices. Emily's most significant developmental milestones at this age were probably coming to grips with who she was and where she belonged . Early Adulthood Emily started to express her independence and make big choices as she entered early adulthood. She finished her studies, started her professional career, and began dating. According to Lumen Learning (2019), early adulthood is a great psychological and societal transition period. People are involved in self-discovery, connection development, and essential decision-making during this stage of their lives. Emily's significant milestones at this age were learning to live independently and forming committed love relationships with others. Middle Adulthood Emily saw significant changes in her personal and professional life throughout her middle adulthood. She married, had children, and was successful in her career. According to the CDC (2020), the years between 30 and 49 are times of tremendous psychological and societal upheaval. Most individuals are juggling demanding careers, family, and caring responsibilities now. Having a family and learning to balance her new duties have been the most critical milestones for Emily.

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4 Late Adulthood Emily's physical and mental abilities altered dramatically as she approached late adulthood. She quit her career, and her children finally left to start their own families. The UFO Themes (2016) emphasize the importance of social and emotional aging in the latter phases of life. Many individuals see changes in the extent of their social network and their capacity to manage their emotions at this stage. The most significant milestones for Emily at this age were expanding her social network and learning to regulate her emotions. Question 2 – Relationship Features and Relationship Development for Emily Infancy Throughout her infancy, Emily's primary relationship was with her adoring parents, who lavished her with love and support. The most important development for Emily at this age was developing a secure bond with her parents. Children who had a strong attachment to their parents as babies had better emotional and social development as infants (Leblanc et al., 2017). Early Childhood Emily's relationship with her parents and connections with her classmates thrived throughout her early childhood. Emily's most significant milestones at this age were probably developing her sense of play and motor skills. According to Lumen Learning (2019), early infancy is a critical age of development. At this age, a child's cognitive abilities are developing, as are their motor capabilities. Middle Childhood Emily's middle childhood was characterized by forming more fantastic relationships with her peers and more independence from her family. Emily's greatest major milestone was developing

5 deeper, more complex relationships with her classmates. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019), children in this age range may experience greater peer pressure and body awareness as puberty approaches. Adolescence Emily's adolescence was a period of self-discovery when she started to form romantic relationships and acknowledged her rising significance in the world. Emily's most important milestones at this age were coming into her own and appreciating her value in the world. Because adolescence is a time of significant change and transition, Laurence (2022) asserts that it is inevitable that it is also a time of profound self-discovery, relationship-building, and decision-making. Early Adulthood Emily became self-sufficient and devoted to long-term engagements throughout her early adulthood. Emily's main life milestones at this age were learning to live independently and forming committed love relationships with others. Laurence (2022) contends that tremendous personal and societal change characterizes the transition to maturity. People are involved in self- discovery, connection development, and essential decision-making during this stage of their lives. Middle Adulthood Emily started a family in her middle adulthood, and she immediately found herself balancing various responsibilities. Having a family and learning to balance her new responsibilities has been the most important life event for Emily. Laurence (2022) contends that the middle years of adulthood are a time of significant upheaval and transition. Consequently, people in this age

6 generally juggle various responsibilities and commitments, such as career, family, and caregiving. Late Adulthood Emily's broad social network and ability to regulate her emotions diminished as she approached late adulthood. Emily's greatest accomplishment at this point was undoubtedly watching her social circle grow and her ability to control her emotions improve. According to UFO Themes (2016), the social and emotional changes accompanying old age are critical. During this time, the size of one's social network and capacity to manage one's emotions alter. Question 3- Comparing and contrasting the idea of death and dying The complexity of grief processing in children is limited by their cognitive development. According to Child Bereavement UK (2023), young children's exposure to cartoons in which characters rapidly recover from life-threatening conditions has a detrimental impact on their knowledge of death. This erroneous notion is reinforced by representations of people magically resurrecting after being hit by falling anvils. Most children understand the idea of death by the time they reach adolescence, even if they still believe it only happens to "big people." School- aged children see death as permanent, universal, and inescapable (Child Bereavement UK, 2023). Adults, on the other hand, have a more profound understanding of death. According to Stanford Medicine's Children's Health, adults understand why people die, and they perceive death as final, inescapable, and related to the end of all physical activity. They embrace death as an unavoidable part of existence. Adults might experience "death anxiety" or the fear of dying. Personal beliefs, religious or cultural roots, and past loss experiences may all contribute to the development of this anxiety (Stanford Medicine Children's Health, 2019).

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7 In comparison, Older adults are more prone to accept death as an unavoidable part of life. According to Lumen Learning (2019), the elderly may experience various emotions in the aftermath of death, including sadness, anger, fear, and acceptance. After experiencing the finality of death directly via the deaths of loved ones and friends, older people may come to grips with it as a normal part of life. They may have considered that death is unavoidable and, as a result, developed some acceptance or preparation for it. Some older persons choose hospice and palliative care, concentrating on the dying person's comfort and quality of life (Kortes-Miller et al., 2018).

8 References CDC. (2019, February 20). Middle Childhood (9-11 years old) . Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/childdevelopment/positiveparenting/middle2.html Child Bereavement UK. (2023). Children's understanding of death at different ages . Child Bereavement UK. https://www.childbereavementuk.org/childrens-understanding-of- death-at-different-ages Kortes-Miller, K., Boulé, J., Wilson, K., & Stinchcombe, A. (2018). Dying in long-term care: Perspectives from sexual and gender minority older adults about their fears and hopes for end of life. Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life & Palliative Care , 14 (2-3), 209-224. Laurence, E. (2022, May 12). Erik Erikson's Stages Of Psychosocial Development: 8 Ways Your Childhood May Determine Your Personality . Forbes Health. https://www.forbes.com/health/mind/erik-ericksons-theory/ Leblanc, É., Dégeilh, F., Daneault, V., Beauchamp, M. H., & Bernier, A. (2017). Attachment security in infancy: A preliminary study of prospective links to brain morphometry in late childhood. Frontiers in psychology , 8 , 2141. Lumen Learning. (2019). Periods of Development | Lifespan Development . Lumenlearning.com. https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-lifespandevelopment2/chapter/periods-of- development/ Spellings, M. (2005). Helping your child through early adolescence. Washington DC: US Departerment of Education .

9 Stanford Medicine Children's Health. (2019). A Child's Concept of Death . Stanfordchildrens.org. https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=a-childs-concept-of-death-90- P03044 UFO Themes. (2016, September 9). Developmental Stages of the Learner . Nurse Key. https://nursekey.com/developmental-stages-of-the-learner/

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