Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
Empirical formula for the acid has to be given.
Concept Introduction:
Empirical formula is the one that can be determined from the molar mass of the elements that is present in the compound and the mass percentage of the elements. The mass percentage of the elements present in the compound is converted into the moles of each element considering the molar mass of each element. The relative number of moles for each type of atoms is found out finally.
(a)

Answer to Problem L.38E
Empirical formula for the acid is
Explanation of Solution
Given sample of acid is said to contain
Therefore, the mass of oxygen present in
Number of moles of each element present in the compound can be calculated using the molar mass and mass of the element as follows;
Dividing the moles of element obtained using the smallest amount, the ratio can be obtained as shown below;
The ratio of the atoms in the compound is given as follows;
Thus in compound the atoms are present in the ratio of
Therefore, the empirical formula for the compound can be given as
(b)
Interpretation:
Molecular formula of the unknown acid has to be found out.
Concept Introduction:
Empirical formula is the one that can be determined from the molar mass of the elements that is present in the compound and the mass percentage of the elements. The mass percentage of the elements present in the compound is converted into the moles of each element considering the molar mass of each element. The relative number of moles for each type of atoms is found out finally.
Molecular formula of a compound can be found if the empirical formula and molar mass of the compound is known. The molar mass of compound is divided by the molar mass of the empirical formula in order to obtain the factor which is multiplied with the coefficients of empirical formula in order to obtain the molecular formula.
(b)

Answer to Problem L.38E
Molecular formula of the unknown acid is
Explanation of Solution
Empirical formula of the acid is
From the above equation, it is found that one mole of unknown acid reacts with two moles of sodium hydroxide.
Volume of sodium hydroxide is given as
From the stoichiometric relation, the moles of
Mass of the unknown acid taken is given as
Molar mass of the empirical formula of unknown acid is calculated as follows;
Molar mass of the unknown acid is divided by the molar mass of empirical formula in order to obtain the factor as shown below;
The coefficient of empirical formula is multiplied by the factor
Therefore, the molecular formula of unknown acid is
(c)
Interpretation:
Balanced chemical equation has to be written for the neutralization of the unknown acid with sodium hydroxide.
Concept Introduction:
Chemical equation is a short form representation of a
(c)

Answer to Problem L.38E
Balanced chemical equation is
Explanation of Solution
The unknown acid is said to be diprotic. Consider the unknown acid as
The unknown acid has a molecular formula of
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter F Solutions
ACHIEVE/CHEMICAL PRINCIPLES ACCESS 2TERM
- Draw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. N S S HgCl2, H2SO4 く 8 W X Parrow_forwardtab esc く Drawing the After running various experiments, you determine that the mechanism for the following reaction occurs in a step-wise fashion. Br + OH + Using this information, draw the correct mechanism in the space below. 1 Explanation Check F2 F1 @2 Q W A os lock control option T S # 3 80 F3 Br $ 4 0105 % OH2 + Br Add/Remove step X C F5 F6 6 R E T Y 29 & 7 F D G H Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Ce A F7 DII F8 C Ո 8 * 9 4 F10 F C J K L C V Z X B N M H command P ge Coarrow_forwardIndicate compound A that must react with ethylbenzene to obtain 4-ethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid. 3-bromo-4-ethylbenzene-1-sulfonic acid.arrow_forward
- Part 1 of 2 Draw the structure of A, the minor E1 product of the reaction. esc I Skip Part Check H₂O, D 2 A + Click and drag to start drawing a structure. -0- F1 F2 1 2 # 3 Q A 80 F3 W E S D F4 $ 4 % 5 F5 ㅇ F6 R T Y F G X 5 & 7 + Save 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. DII F7 F8 H * C 80 J Z X C V B N 4 F9 6arrow_forwardFile Preview The following is a total synthesis of the pheromone of the western pine beetle. Such syntheses are interesting both because of the organic chemistry, and because of the possibility of using species specific insecticides, rather than broad band insecticides. Provide the reagents for each step. There is some chemistry from our most recent chapter in this synthesis, but other steps are review from earlier chapters. (8 points) COOEt COOEt A C COOEt COOEt COOH B OH OTS CN D E See the last homework set F for assistance on this one. H+, H₂O G OH OH The last step is just nucleophilic addition reactions, taking the ketone to an acetal, intramolecularly. But it is hard to visualize the three dimensional shape as it occurs. Frontalin, pheromone of the western pine beetlearrow_forwardFor the reaction below: 1. Draw all reasonable elimination products to the right of the arrow. 2. In the box below the reaction, redraw any product you expect to be a major product. C Major Product: Check + ◎ + X ง © Cl I F2 80 F3 I σ F4 I F5 NaOH Click and drawing F6 A 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights E F7 F8 $ # % & 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Q W E R T Y U A S D F G H Jarrow_forward
- Can I please get help with this graph. If you can show exactly where it needs to pass through.arrow_forwardN Draw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. D 1. H₂O, pyridine 2. neutralizing work-up V P W X DE CO e C Larrow_forwardDraw the major product of this reaction. Ignore inorganic byproducts. N O' 1. H2O, pyridine 2. neutralizing work-up く 8 W aarrow_forward
- Ideal Gas Law Practice Name If you need a refresher on Ideal Gas Law, go back to your Ideal Gas Law Reading Assignment from last week! On all of the following, you'll need to make sure to convert pressures to atm and convert temperatures to Kelvin in order to be able to use the R gas constant on your equation sheet! Given: Ideal Gas Law = then P= pressure V = volume R= ideal gas consent PV=nRT namount of substance n=PV/TR P=nRT/V I = temperature V=nRT/P T=PV/nR R=PV/nT 1. What pressure is required to contain 0.023 moles of nitrogen gas in a 4.2 L container at a temperature of 20.°C? 2. Oxygen gas is collected at a pressure of 123 kPa in a container which has a volume of 10.0 L. What temperature must be maintained on 0.500 moles of this gas in order to maintain this pressure? Express the temperature in degrees Celsius. 3. How many moles of chlorine gas would occupy a volume of 35.5 L at a pressure of 100.0 kPa and a temperature of 100. °C? After determining the number of moles,…arrow_forward1. The following conversion includes chemistry we have covered very recently, some chemistry from last term, and chemistry from the first chapter of this unit. Provide curly arrows and an explanation for this mechanism. Use the reagents in the order given. You do not need any other reagents. 1. NaOEt OEt 2.arrow_forwardCOOEt COOEt Step 1 Step 2 Step 3 COOEt COOEt COOH Step 6 OH Step 4 Step 7 (racemic) cyclizes under conditions (8) OTS Step 5 Step 8 ОН OH (racemic) Frontalin (racemic) Shown above are the steps in one of the several published syntheses of Frontalin, a pheromone of the western pine beetle. From the choices provided, show the reagents and conditions by which step 3 of this synthesis might be accomplished. List the reagent(s) in order that will accomplish this transformation. No more than 4 steps are required. List your answer as a single letter (single-step transformation) or a series of letters (multi-step transformation) with no commas separating them. For example, "ab" corresponds to: 1. Eto Na+ 2. NaOH, H₂O NOTE: The order in which you list your letters matters! Reagents: a. Eto Na* g. NaCN b. NaOH, H₂O h. SOCI₂ c. H3O+, heat i. (CH3)2CuLi, ether, -78°C d. LiAlH4 j. H₂O e. p-TsCI, pyridine k. RCO3H f. Br I. H3O+ 1,024arrow_forward
- Introductory Chemistry: A FoundationChemistryISBN:9781337399425Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Cengage LearningIntroductory Chemistry: An Active Learning Approa...ChemistryISBN:9781305079250Author:Mark S. Cracolice, Ed PetersPublisher:Cengage LearningChemistry: Principles and PracticeChemistryISBN:9780534420123Author:Daniel L. Reger, Scott R. Goode, David W. Ball, Edward MercerPublisher:Cengage Learning
- World of Chemistry, 3rd editionChemistryISBN:9781133109655Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan L. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCostePublisher:Brooks / Cole / Cengage LearningLiving By Chemistry: First Edition TextbookChemistryISBN:9781559539418Author:Angelica StacyPublisher:MAC HIGHERChemistry for Engineering StudentsChemistryISBN:9781337398909Author:Lawrence S. Brown, Tom HolmePublisher:Cengage Learning





