Chapter 9.1, Problem 3BSC

Hypotheses and Conclusions Refer to the hypothesis test described in Exercise 1.

a. Identify the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis.

b. If the P- value for the test is reported as “less than 0.001,” what should we conclude about the original claim?

1. Verifying Requirements In the largest clinical trial ever conducted, 401,974 children were randomly assigned to two groups. The treatment group consisted of 201,229 children given the Salk vaccine for polio, and 33 of those children developed polio. The other 200,745 children were given a placebo, and 115 of those children developed polio. If we want to use the methods of this section to test the claim that the rate of polio is less for children given the Salk vaccine, are the requirements for a hypothesis test satisfied? Explain.