Elementary Statistics (13th Edition)
13th Edition
ISBN: 9780134462455
Author: Mario F. Triola
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Textbook Question
Chapter 9, Problem 5RE
Before /After Treatment Results Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from “Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,” by MacGregor et al., British Medical Journal, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that captopril is effective in lowering systolic blood pressure?
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Before/After Treatment Results Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from “Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,” by MacGregor et al., British Medical Journal, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that Captopril is effective in lowering systolic blood pressure?
Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from “Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme”, by MacGregor et al., BMJ, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that captopril has an effect on systolic blood pressure?
i) Use the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test to conduct the required test without using "wilcox.test" function in R. Please state the hypothesis, provide the p-value, and the conclusion in the context of the problem.
ii) Use the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test to conduct the required test using "wilcox.test" function in R. Please present a screenshot of the R output of your call to the function wilcox.test.
iii) Would you recommend the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test over the…
Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from "Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme," by MacGregor et al., British Medical Journal, Vol. 2).
Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that captopril has an effect on systolic blood pressure?
Chapter 9 Solutions
Elementary Statistics (13th Edition)
Ch. 9.1 - Verifying Requirements In the largest clinical...Ch. 9.1 - Verifying Requirements In the largest clinical...Ch. 9.1 - Hypotheses and Conclusions Refer to the hypothesis...Ch. 9.1 - Using Confidence Intervals a. Assume that we want...Ch. 9.1 - Interpreting Displays. In Exercises 5 and 6, use...Ch. 9.1 - Treating Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Carpal tunnel...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Accuracy of Fast Food Drive-Through Orders In a...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...
Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 16BSCCh. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Testing Claims About Proportions. In Exercises...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 23BBCh. 9.1 - Yawning and Fishers Exact Test In one segment of...Ch. 9.1 - Overlap of Confidence Intervals In the article On...Ch. 9.1 - Equivalence of Hypothesis Test and Confidence...Ch. 9.2 - Independent and Dependent Samples Which of the...Ch. 9.2 - Confidence Interval for Hemoglobin Large samples...Ch. 9.2 - Hypothesis Tests and Confidence Intervals for...Ch. 9.2 - Degrees of Freedom For Example 1 on page 431, we...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - In Exercises 520, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9.2 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 2124, use the...Ch. 9.2 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 2124, use the...Ch. 9.2 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 2124, use the...Ch. 9.2 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 2124, use the...Ch. 9.2 - Pooling Repeat Exercise 12 IQ and Lead by assuming...Ch. 9.2 - Degrees of Freedom In Exercise 20 Blanking Out on...Ch. 9.2 - No Variation in a Sample An experiment was...Ch. 9.3 - True? For the methods of this section, which of...Ch. 9.3 - Notation Listed below are body temperatures from...Ch. 9.3 - Units of Measure If the values listed in Exercise...Ch. 9.3 - Degrees of Freedom If we use the sample data in...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 11BSCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 12BSCCh. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - In Exercises 516, use the listed paired sample...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 17BSCCh. 9.3 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 1724, use the...Ch. 9.3 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 1724, use the...Ch. 9.3 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 1724, use the...Ch. 9.3 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 1724, use the...Ch. 9.3 - Larger Data Sets. In Exercises 1724, use the...Ch. 9.3 - Prob. 23BSCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 24BSCCh. 9.3 - Body Temperatures Refer to Data Set 3 Body...Ch. 9.4 - F Test Statistic a. If s12 represents the larger...Ch. 9.4 - F Test if using the sample data in Data Set 1 Body...Ch. 9.4 - Testing Normality For the hypothesis test...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 4BSCCh. 9.4 - In Exercises 516, test the given claim. 5. Color...Ch. 9.4 - In Exercises 516, test the given claim. 6. Color...Ch. 9.4 - In Exercises 516, test the given claim. 7. Testing...Ch. 9.4 - In Exercises 516, test the given claim. 8....Ch. 9.4 - In Exercises 516, test the given claim. 9. Coke...Ch. 9.4 - In Exercises 516, test the given claim. 10. IQ and...Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 11BSCCh. 9.4 - Prob. 12BSCCh. 9.4 - Prob. 13BSCCh. 9.4 - Prob. 14BSCCh. 9.4 - In Exercises 516, test the given claim. 15. Old...Ch. 9.4 - In Exercises 516, test the given claim. 16....Ch. 9.4 - Prob. 17BBCh. 9.4 - Prob. 18BBCh. 9.4 - Finding Lower Critical F Values For hypothesis...Ch. 9 - In Exercises 15, use the following survey results:...Ch. 9 - In Exercises 1-5, use the following survey...Ch. 9 - In Exercises 1-5, use the following survey...Ch. 9 - In Exercises 1-5, use the following survey...Ch. 9 - In Exercises 7-5, use the following survey...Ch. 9 - True? Determine whether the following statement is...Ch. 9 - True? When we collect random samples to test the...Ch. 9 - Dependent or Independent? Listed below are...Ch. 9 - Hypotheses Identify the null and alternative...Ch. 9 - Test Statistics Identify the test statistic that...Ch. 9 - Denomination Effect In the article The...Ch. 9 - Denomination Effect Construct the confidence...Ch. 9 - Heights Listed below are heights (cm) randomly...Ch. 9 - Heights Use a 0.01 significance level with the...Ch. 9 - Before /After Treatment Results Captopril is a...Ch. 9 - Eyewitness Accuracy of Police Does stress affect...Ch. 9 - Are Flights Cheaper When Scheduled Earlier? Listed...Ch. 9 - Variation of Heights Use the sample data given in...Ch. 9 - Family Heights. In Exercises 15, use the following...Ch. 9 - Scatterplot Construct a scatterplot of the...Ch. 9 - Family Heights. In Exercises 1-5, use the...Ch. 9 - Family Heights. In Exercises 1-5, use the...Ch. 9 - Assessing Normality Interpret the normal quantile...Ch. 9 - Braking Reaction Times: Histogram Listed below are...Ch. 9 - Braking Reaction Times: Normal? The accompanying...Ch. 9 - Braking Reaction Times: Boxplots Use the same data...Ch. 9 - In Exercises 5-20, assume that the two samples are...Ch. 9 - Braking Reaction Times: Confidence Intervals a....Ch. 9 - FROM DATA TO DECISION Critical Thinking: Did the...Ch. 9 - Critical Thinking: Did the NFL Rule Change Have...Ch. 9 - Critical Thinking: Did the NFL Rule Change Have...
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, statistics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Foot ulcers are a common problem for people with diabetes. Higher skin temperatures on the foot indicate an increased risk of ulcers. The article "An Intelligent Insole for Diabetic Patients with the Loss of Protective Sensation" (Kimberly Anderson, M.S. Thesis, Colorado School of Mines), reports measurements of temperatures, in °F, of both feet for 181 diabetic patients. The results are presented in the following table. Left Foot Right Foot 80 80 85 85 75 80 88 86 89 87 87 82 78 78 88 89 89 90 76 81 89 86 87 82 78 78 80 81 87 82 86 85 76 80 88 89 Construct a scatterplot of the right foot temperature (y) versus the left foot temperature (x). Verify that a linear model is appropriate. b. Compute the least-squares line for predicting the right foot temperature from the left foot temperature. If the left foot temperatures of two patients differ by 2 degrees, by how much would you predict their right foot temperatures to differ? Predict the right foot temperature for a patient whose left…arrow_forward4. Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying table (based on data from “Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme”, by MacGregor et al., BMJ, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that captopril has an effect on systolic blood pressure? Explain why statistical methods from Z-interval, Z-test, T-interval or T-test –cannot be used for this problem. Then, use the sign test to conduct the required test in R studio. Please show your work.arrow_forwardA study was conducted to examine the effect of diet cola consumption on calcium levels in women. A sample of 16 healthy women aged 18 to 40 were randomly assigned to drink 24 ounces of either diet cola or water. Their urine was collected for three hours after ingestion of the beverage and calcium excretion (in mg) was measured. The data are stored in ColaCalcium.arrow_forward
- “Passive and Active Smoke” in Appendix B includes cotinine levels measured in a group of nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 60.58 ng>mL, s = 138.08 ng>mL) and a group of nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 16.35 ng>mL, s = 62.53 ng>mL). Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine, meaning that when nicotine is absorbed by the body, cotinine is produced. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke have a higher mean cotinine level than nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke. Based on your hypothesis tests and confidence intervals, what do you conclude about the effects of second hand smoke? Why?arrow_forward“Passive and Active Smoke” in Appendix B includes cotinine levels measured in a group of nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 60.58 ng>mL, s = 138.08 ng>mL) and a group of nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke (n = 40, Mean = 16.35 ng>mL, s = 62.53 ng>mL). Cotinine is a metabolite of nicotine, meaning that when nicotine is absorbed by the body, cotinine is produced. Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that nonsmokers exposed to tobacco smoke have a higher mean cotinine level than nonsmokers not exposed to tobacco smoke. 1. Construct a confidence interval estimate of the difference betwen the mean continen levels fo the two groups of nonsmokers. What confidence level would be appropriate? 2. Find the margin of error E using the formula. 3. What is the confidence interval? Explain the meaning of the confidence interal and what the limit represents.arrow_forwardA sample of 10 diesel trucks were run both hot and cold to estimate the difference in fuel economy. The results, in mpg. are presented in the following table. (From "In-use Emissions from Heavy-Duty Diesel Vehicles," J. Yanowitz, Ph.D. thesis, Colorado School of Mines, 2001.) Truck Hot Cold 4.56 4.26 2 4.46 4.08 3 6.49 5.83 5.37 4.96 5 6.25 5.87 6 5.90 5.32 4.12 3.92 8 3.85 3.69 4.15 3.74 10 4.69 4.19 Find a 98% confidence interval for the difference in mean fuel mileage between hot and cold engines.arrow_forward
- 1. Captopril is a drug designed to lower systolic blood pressure. When subjects were treated with this drug, their systolic blood pressure readings (in mm Hg) were measured before and after the drug was taken. Results are given in the accompanying tables (based on data from "Essential Hypertension: Effect of an Oral Inhibitor of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme," by MacGregor et al., British Medical Journal, Vol. 2). Using a 0.01 significance level, is there sufficient evidence to support the claim that captopril is effective in lowering systolic blood pressure? Subject Before (x) 200 After (y) А В C D E F G H I K 174 198 170 179 182 193 209 185 155 169 210 191 170 177 167 159 151 176 183 159 145 146 177 2. A study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness for randomly selected subjects are given in the accompanying table (based on "An Analysis of hypnotism in reducing pain. Results Factors That Contribute to the Efficacy of Hypnotic Analgesia," by Price and Barber, Journal of…arrow_forwardEach year the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) releases fuel economy data on cars manufactured in that year. Below are summary statistics on fuel efficiency (in miles/gallon for city driving) from random samples of cars with manual and automatic transmissions manufactured in 2012. We want to know if there is a statistical difference between the average fuel efficiencies between the two different types of transmission. Automatic Transmission Manual Transmission X1 = 15.7 Si = 3.6 N1 = 26 T2 = 19 S2 = 4.65 N2 = 34 Mean %3D SD Sample Size (a) Calculate the standard error for the appropriate sampling distribution: SE = (b) We want to calculate a 91% confidence interval for the difference between the gas mileages for the automatic transmission and the manual transmission cars. What is the critical t-score that we should use to build our confidence interval? tcritical (c) Calculate the margin of error, the lower bound, and the upper bound for the 91% confidence interval. Margin of…arrow_forwardif able please provide some explanation with the taken steps in the exercise attached image. Thank you in advancearrow_forward
- Overproduction of uric acid in the body can be an indication of cell breakdown. This may be an advance indication of illness such as gout, leukemia, or lymphoma.f Over a period of months, an adult male patient has taken seven blood tests for uric acid. The concentration was x = 5.35 mg/dl. The distribution of uric acid in healthy adult males can be assumed to be normal, with o = 1.77 mg/dl. (a) Find a 95% confidence interval for the population mean concentration of uric acid in this patient's blood. What is the margin of error? (Round your answers to two decimal places.) lower limit upper limit margin of error (b) What conditions are necessary for your calculations? (Select all that apply.) O o is unknown O normal distribution of uric acid O n is large Oo is known O uniform distribution of uric acid (c) Interpret your results in the context of this problem. O The probability that this interval contains the true average uric acid level for this patient is 0.05. O The probability that…arrow_forwardNumber 2 pls.arrow_forwardCan you please help me answer this questionarrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...AlgebraISBN:9780079039897Author:CarterPublisher:McGraw Hill
Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897...
Algebra
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:McGraw Hill
Hypothesis Testing using Confidence Interval Approach; Author: BUM2413 Applied Statistics UMP;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hq1l3e9pLyY;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY
Hypothesis Testing - Difference of Two Means - Student's -Distribution & Normal Distribution; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UcZwyzwWU7o;License: Standard Youtube License