(a) Interpretation: The rate (SCF/h) at which the biogas produced in the digester should be calculated along with the total heating value (Btu/h) of the gas. Concept introduction: The total solid obtained is the product of amount of water that is converted to solid under water treatment process and the solid of the feed digester can be calculated as follows: Total solid=Solid (water) L/day×Solid (digester) kg/L The total heating value is obtained as: Total heating value for gas = Fuel flow rate × LHV Where, LHV is lower heating value.

Question

You have a container of 17.42 M conc. acetic acid (CH3COOH(aq)) with density 1.05 g/mL, find the molality of a 150ml sample of the solution. molality = moles solute/Kg solvent moles solute = (0.150 L)(17.42 mol/L) = 2.613 mol CH3COOH molar mass of CH3COOH = 60.06 g/mol grams of solution = (150mL)(1.05 g/mL) = 157.5 g solution grams of solute = (2.613 mol)(60.06 g/mol) = 156.9 g CH3COOH so the total grams of water in this solution would be: g H2O = g solution - g CH3COOH = 157.5g - 156.9 g = 0.6g H2O 0.6g H2O = 0.0006 Kg H2O so molality = (2.613 mol CH3COOH) /(0.0006 kg H2O) = 4355 molal this seems rather high to me but if its 'concentrated' acetic acid, I know that you can get it to about 98% as glacial acetic acid so perhaps there is 4355 moles of acetic acid per kg of water. Did I do this correctly? I know that typically the solvent is the larger component of a solution but the fact that it gives me CH3COOH(aq) would imply that H2O is the solvent still in this situation, I have…

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.70P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The rate (SCF/h) at which the biogas produced in the digester should be calculated along with the total heating value (Btu/h) of the gas.

Concept introduction:

The total solid obtained is the product of amount of water that is converted to solid under water treatment process and the solid of the feed digester can be calculated as follows:

Total solid=Solid(water)L/day×Solid(digester)kg/L

The total heating value is obtained as:

Total heating value for gas = Fuel flow rate × LHV

Where, LHV is lower heating value.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer (Btu/h) between the hot water and the sludge should be calculated along with the volumetric flow rate (ft³/h) of the water passing through the heat exchanger.

Concept introduction:

The heat transfer between hot medium and the sludge is calculated as: Q=h×A×(Tmedium−Tsludge)

Here, h is the heat transfer coefficient and A is the sludge surface area while T_medium and T_sludge are the temperature of hot water medium and the sludge respectively.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The fraction of the digester gas that must be burned to heat the water from 160? to 180? should be obtained and it should be commented that what will happens to the other 20% of the heating value.

Concept introduction:

The biogas is burned in 80% efficient boiler, there is some amount of moisture content present in gas, so that some amount of heat is used to remove these moisture content.

The mass flow rate will be calculated from this formula:

m=QCp×dT

Where m is the mass flow rate, Q is heat flow rate a, C_p is heat capacity and dT is change in temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

If there is excess digester gas available after meeting the process-water heating demand, then the potential uses should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The boiler furnaces have the heavy application of digester gases which are consumed to heat the furnace. But, when the water-heating demand is filled, there remains the gases and energy consumed in heating the boiler and these sources of energy can be consumed in various other purposes.

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You have a container of 17.42 M conc. acetic acid (CH3COOH(aq)) with density 1.05 g/mL, find the molality of a 150ml sample of the solution. molality = moles solute/Kg solvent moles solute = (0.150 L)(17.42 mol/L) = 2.613 mol CH3COOH molar mass of CH3COOH = 60.06 g/mol grams of solution = (150mL)(1.05 g/mL) = 157.5 g solution grams of solute = (2.613 mol)(60.06 g/mol) = 156.9 g CH3COOH so the total grams of water in this solution would be: g H2O = g solution - g CH3COOH = 157.5g - 156.9 g = 0.6g H2O 0.6g H2O = 0.0006 Kg H2O so molality = (2.613 mol CH3COOH) /(0.0006 kg H2O) = 4355 molal this seems rather high to me but if its 'concentrated' acetic acid, I know that you can get it to about 98% as glacial acetic acid so perhaps there is 4355 moles of acetic acid per kg of water. Did I do this correctly? I know that typically the solvent is the larger component of a solution but the fact that it gives me CH3COOH(aq) would imply that H2O is the solvent still in this situation, I have…

An experimental attempt was to convert 2000 cm^3 of a solution consists of 0.96 ethanol into another solution consisting of 0.56 ethanol. If the density of water at the experiment's temperature and pressure is 997 kg/ m^3, How much H2O should be added to the 2000 cm^3 solution? What is the solution's volume after conversion? Given data: In the 0.96 ethanol solution :V ethanol = 0.816 cm^3/g and Vwater = 1.273 cm/g In the 0.58 ethanol solution: V ethanol = 0.953 cm^3/g and :V water = 1.243 cm/g

A water contains 50.40 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of carbon dioxide, 190.00 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of Ca2+ and 55.00 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of Mg2+. All of the hardness is carbonate hardness. Using the stoichiometry of the lime soda ash softening equations, what is the daily sludge production (in dry weight, kg · day−1) if the plant treats water at a rate of 2.935 m3 · s−1? Assume that the effluent water contains no carbon dioxide, 30.0 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of Ca2+ and 10.0 mg · L−1 as CaCO3 of Mg2+. Be sure to calculate the mass of CaCO3 and Mg(OH)2 sludge produced each day.

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.70P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The rate (SCF/h) at which the biogas produced in the digester should be calculated along with the total heating value (Btu/h) of the gas.

Concept introduction:

The total solid obtained is the product of amount of water that is converted to solid under water treatment process and the solid of the feed digester can be calculated as follows:

Total solid=Solid(water)L/day×Solid(digester)kg/L

The total heating value is obtained as:

Total heating value for gas = Fuel flow rate × LHV

Where, LHV is lower heating value.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer (Btu/h) between the hot water and the sludge should be calculated along with the volumetric flow rate (ft³/h) of the water passing through the heat exchanger.

Concept introduction:

The heat transfer between hot medium and the sludge is calculated as: Q=h×A×(Tmedium−Tsludge)

Here, h is the heat transfer coefficient and A is the sludge surface area while T_medium and T_sludge are the temperature of hot water medium and the sludge respectively.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The fraction of the digester gas that must be burned to heat the water from 160? to 180? should be obtained and it should be commented that what will happens to the other 20% of the heating value.

Concept introduction:

The biogas is burned in 80% efficient boiler, there is some amount of moisture content present in gas, so that some amount of heat is used to remove these moisture content.

The mass flow rate will be calculated from this formula:

m=QCp×dT

Where m is the mass flow rate, Q is heat flow rate a, C_p is heat capacity and dT is change in temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

If there is excess digester gas available after meeting the process-water heating demand, then the potential uses should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The boiler furnaces have the heavy application of digester gases which are consumed to heat the furnace. But, when the water-heating demand is filled, there remains the gases and energy consumed in heating the boiler and these sources of energy can be consumed in various other purposes.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.70P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The rate (SCF/h) at which the biogas produced in the digester should be calculated along with the total heating value (Btu/h) of the gas.

Concept introduction:

The total solid obtained is the product of amount of water that is converted to solid under water treatment process and the solid of the feed digester can be calculated as follows:

Total solid=Solid(water)L/day×Solid(digester)kg/L

The total heating value is obtained as:

Total heating value for gas = Fuel flow rate × LHV

Where, LHV is lower heating value.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer (Btu/h) between the hot water and the sludge should be calculated along with the volumetric flow rate (ft³/h) of the water passing through the heat exchanger.

Concept introduction:

The heat transfer between hot medium and the sludge is calculated as: Q=h×A×(Tmedium−Tsludge)

Here, h is the heat transfer coefficient and A is the sludge surface area while T_medium and T_sludge are the temperature of hot water medium and the sludge respectively.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The fraction of the digester gas that must be burned to heat the water from 160? to 180? should be obtained and it should be commented that what will happens to the other 20% of the heating value.

Concept introduction:

The biogas is burned in 80% efficient boiler, there is some amount of moisture content present in gas, so that some amount of heat is used to remove these moisture content.

The mass flow rate will be calculated from this formula:

m=QCp×dT

Where m is the mass flow rate, Q is heat flow rate a, C_p is heat capacity and dT is change in temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

If there is excess digester gas available after meeting the process-water heating demand, then the potential uses should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The boiler furnaces have the heavy application of digester gases which are consumed to heat the furnace. But, when the water-heating demand is filled, there remains the gases and energy consumed in heating the boiler and these sources of energy can be consumed in various other purposes.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.70P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The rate (SCF/h) at which the biogas produced in the digester should be calculated along with the total heating value (Btu/h) of the gas.

Concept introduction:

The total solid obtained is the product of amount of water that is converted to solid under water treatment process and the solid of the feed digester can be calculated as follows:

Total solid=Solid(water)L/day×Solid(digester)kg/L

The total heating value is obtained as:

Total heating value for gas = Fuel flow rate × LHV

Where, LHV is lower heating value.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer (Btu/h) between the hot water and the sludge should be calculated along with the volumetric flow rate (ft³/h) of the water passing through the heat exchanger.

Concept introduction:

The heat transfer between hot medium and the sludge is calculated as: Q=h×A×(Tmedium−Tsludge)

Here, h is the heat transfer coefficient and A is the sludge surface area while T_medium and T_sludge are the temperature of hot water medium and the sludge respectively.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The fraction of the digester gas that must be burned to heat the water from 160? to 180? should be obtained and it should be commented that what will happens to the other 20% of the heating value.

Concept introduction:

The biogas is burned in 80% efficient boiler, there is some amount of moisture content present in gas, so that some amount of heat is used to remove these moisture content.

The mass flow rate will be calculated from this formula:

m=QCp×dT

Where m is the mass flow rate, Q is heat flow rate a, C_p is heat capacity and dT is change in temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

If there is excess digester gas available after meeting the process-water heating demand, then the potential uses should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The boiler furnaces have the heavy application of digester gases which are consumed to heat the furnace. But, when the water-heating demand is filled, there remains the gases and energy consumed in heating the boiler and these sources of energy can be consumed in various other purposes.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Answer 5

Chapter 9, Problem 9.70P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The rate (SCF/h) at which the biogas produced in the digester should be calculated along with the total heating value (Btu/h) of the gas.

Concept introduction:

The total solid obtained is the product of amount of water that is converted to solid under water treatment process and the solid of the feed digester can be calculated as follows:

Total solid=Solid(water)L/day×Solid(digester)kg/L

The total heating value is obtained as:

Total heating value for gas = Fuel flow rate × LHV

Where, LHV is lower heating value.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer (Btu/h) between the hot water and the sludge should be calculated along with the volumetric flow rate (ft³/h) of the water passing through the heat exchanger.

Concept introduction:

The heat transfer between hot medium and the sludge is calculated as: Q=h×A×(Tmedium−Tsludge)

Here, h is the heat transfer coefficient and A is the sludge surface area while T_medium and T_sludge are the temperature of hot water medium and the sludge respectively.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The fraction of the digester gas that must be burned to heat the water from 160? to 180? should be obtained and it should be commented that what will happens to the other 20% of the heating value.

Concept introduction:

The biogas is burned in 80% efficient boiler, there is some amount of moisture content present in gas, so that some amount of heat is used to remove these moisture content.

The mass flow rate will be calculated from this formula:

m=QCp×dT

Where m is the mass flow rate, Q is heat flow rate a, C_p is heat capacity and dT is change in temperature.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

If there is excess digester gas available after meeting the process-water heating demand, then the potential uses should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The boiler furnaces have the heavy application of digester gases which are consumed to heat the furnace. But, when the water-heating demand is filled, there remains the gases and energy consumed in heating the boiler and these sources of energy can be consumed in various other purposes.

Answer 6

Chapter 9, Problem 9.70P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The rate (SCF/h) at which the biogas produced in the digester should be calculated along with the total heating value (Btu/h) of the gas.

Concept introduction:

The total solid obtained is the product of amount of water that is converted to solid under water treatment process and the solid of the feed digester can be calculated as follows:

Total solid=Solid(water)L/day×Solid(digester)kg/L

The total heating value is obtained as:

Total heating value for gas = Fuel flow rate × LHV

Where, LHV is lower heating value.

Answer 7

Chapter 9, Problem 9.70P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The rate (SCF/h) at which the biogas produced in the digester should be calculated along with the total heating value (Btu/h) of the gas.

Concept introduction:

The total solid obtained is the product of amount of water that is converted to solid under water treatment process and the solid of the feed digester can be calculated as follows:

Total solid=Solid(water)L/day×Solid(digester)kg/L

The total heating value is obtained as:

Total heating value for gas = Fuel flow rate × LHV

Where, LHV is lower heating value.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer (Btu/h) between the hot water and the sludge should be calculated along with the volumetric flow rate (ft³/h) of the water passing through the heat exchanger.

Concept introduction:

The heat transfer between hot medium and the sludge is calculated as: Q=h×A×(Tmedium−Tsludge)

Here, h is the heat transfer coefficient and A is the sludge surface area while T_medium and T_sludge are the temperature of hot water medium and the sludge respectively.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The rate of heat transfer (Btu/h) between the hot water and the sludge should be calculated along with the volumetric flow rate (ft³/h) of the water passing through the heat exchanger.

Concept introduction:

The heat transfer between hot medium and the sludge is calculated as: Q=h×A×(Tmedium−Tsludge)

Here, h is the heat transfer coefficient and A is the sludge surface area while T_medium and T_sludge are the temperature of hot water medium and the sludge respectively.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The fraction of the digester gas that must be burned to heat the water from 160? to 180? should be obtained and it should be commented that what will happens to the other 20% of the heating value.

Concept introduction:

The biogas is burned in 80% efficient boiler, there is some amount of moisture content present in gas, so that some amount of heat is used to remove these moisture content.

The mass flow rate will be calculated from this formula:

m=QCp×dT

Where m is the mass flow rate, Q is heat flow rate a, C_p is heat capacity and dT is change in temperature.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The fraction of the digester gas that must be burned to heat the water from 160? to 180? should be obtained and it should be commented that what will happens to the other 20% of the heating value.

Concept introduction:

The biogas is burned in 80% efficient boiler, there is some amount of moisture content present in gas, so that some amount of heat is used to remove these moisture content.

The mass flow rate will be calculated from this formula:

m=QCp×dT

Where m is the mass flow rate, Q is heat flow rate a, C_p is heat capacity and dT is change in temperature.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

If there is excess digester gas available after meeting the process-water heating demand, then the potential uses should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The boiler furnaces have the heavy application of digester gases which are consumed to heat the furnace. But, when the water-heating demand is filled, there remains the gases and energy consumed in heating the boiler and these sources of energy can be consumed in various other purposes.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

If there is excess digester gas available after meeting the process-water heating demand, then the potential uses should be explained.

Concept introduction:

The boiler furnaces have the heavy application of digester gases which are consumed to heat the furnace. But, when the water-heating demand is filled, there remains the gases and energy consumed in heating the boiler and these sources of energy can be consumed in various other purposes.

Answer 14

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Answer 25

Ch. 9 - The standard heat of the reaction...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.2P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3P Ch. 9 - The standard heat of the reaction...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.5P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.6P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.7P Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.8P Ch. 9 - The standard heat of combustion of gaseous ethane...Ch. 9 - The standard heat of combustion (AH°) of liquid...

Chapter 9 Solutions