Chapter 9, Problem 9.24QP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The precipitation reaction should be given from given process and formula of the precipitate should be given.

Concept introduction:

Precipitation reaction:

• The precipitate is formed, when the two solutions mixed together is called precipitation reaction and precipitate is a insoluble new product of reaction of two solutions.

Solubility guideline:

• Compound containing alkali metal cations and ammonium ion are soluble in water.
• Compound contains nitrate, acetate and chlorate ions are soluble in water.
• Except  ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Hg}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{pb}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions , compounds containing chloride, bromide and iodide ions are soluble in water.
• Except ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Hg}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{pb}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Sr}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions, compounds containing sulfate ion are soluble.
• Except ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Rb}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{+}}$ ions, compounds containing carbonate, phosphate, chromate and sulfite ions are insoluble in water.
• Except ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Rb}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions, compounds containing hydroxide ions are insoluble in water.

Answer to Problem 9.24QP

The water solubility of given compounds are,

${\text{Fe(OH)}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(s)}}$ precipitate is formed.

Explanation of Solution

The balanced equation for reaction of ${\text{FeCl}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$ and ${\text{LiOH}}_{\text{(aq)}}$ is,

${\text{FeCl}}_{\text{3(aq)}}{\text{+3LiOH}}_{\text{(aq)}}\to {\text{Fe(OH)}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(s)}}\downarrow {\text{+3LiCl}}_{\text{(aq)}}$

According to the solubility guideline, ${\text{Fe(OH)}}_{\text{3}}$ is contains hydroxide ion so it is insoluble in water so it get precipitated.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The precipitation reaction should be given from given process and formula of the precipitate should be given.

Concept introduction:

Precipitation reaction:

• The precipitate is formed, when the two solutions mixed together is called precipitation reaction and precipitate is a insoluble new product of reaction of two solutions.

Solubility guideline:

• Compound containing alkali metal cations and ammonium ion are soluble in water.
• Compound contains nitrate, acetate and chlorate ions are soluble in water.
• Except  ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Hg}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{pb}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions , compounds containing chloride, bromide and iodide ions are soluble in water.
• Except ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Hg}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{pb}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Sr}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions, compounds containing sulfate ion are soluble.
• Except ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Rb}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{+}}$ ions, compounds containing carbonate, phosphate, chromate and sulfite ions are insoluble in water.
• Except ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Rb}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions, compounds containing hydroxide ions are insoluble in water.

Answer to Problem 9.24QP

The water solubility of given compounds are,

It is not a precipitation reaction

Explanation of Solution

The balanced equation for reaction of ${\text{KNO}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$ and ${\text{CaCl}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$ is,

${\text{2KNO}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}{\text{+CaCl}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}\to {\text{Ca(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2(aq)}}{\text{+2KCl}}_{\text{(aq)}}$

According to the solubility guideline, ${\text{Ca(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2(aq)}}\text{ and}{\text{2KCl}}_{\text{(aq)}}$ soluble in water there is no precipitation take place so not precipitated formed.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The precipitation reaction should be given from given process and formula of the precipitate should be given.

Concept introduction:

Precipitation reaction:

• The precipitate is formed, when the two solutions mixed together is called precipitation reaction and precipitate is a insoluble new product of reaction of two solutions.

Solubility guideline:

• Compound containing alkali metal cations and ammonium ion are soluble in water.
• Compound contains nitrate, acetate and chlorate ions are soluble in water.
• Except  ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Hg}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{pb}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions , compounds containing chloride, bromide and iodide ions are soluble in water.
• Except ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Hg}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{pb}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Sr}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions, compounds containing sulfate ion are soluble.
• Except ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Rb}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{+}}$ ions, compounds containing carbonate, phosphate, chromate and sulfite ions are insoluble in water.
• Except ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Rb}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions, compounds containing hydroxide ions are insoluble in water.

Answer to Problem 9.24QP

The water solubility of given compounds are,

It is not a precipitation reaction

Explanation of Solution

The balanced equation for reaction of ${\text{(NH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)2CO}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$ and ${\text{NaCO}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$ is,

${\text{(NH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)2CO}}_{\text{3(aq)}}{\text{+Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}\to {\text{(NH}}_{\text{4}}{\text{)2CO}}_{\text{3(aq)}}{\text{+Na}}_{\text{2}}{\text{CO}}_{\text{3}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

No reaction takes place so no new product formed.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The precipitation reaction should be given from given process and formula of the precipitate should be given.

Concept introduction:

Precipitation reaction:

• The precipitate is formed, when the two solutions mixed together is called precipitation reaction and precipitate is a insoluble new product of reaction of two solutions.

Solubility guideline:

• Compound containing alkali metal cations and ammonium ion are soluble in water.
• Compound contains nitrate, acetate and chlorate ions are soluble in water.
• Except  ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Hg}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{pb}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions , compounds containing chloride, bromide and iodide ions are soluble in water.
• Except ${\text{Ag}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Hg}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{pb}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Ca}}^{\text{2+}}$, ${\text{Sr}}^{\text{2+}}$ and ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions, compounds containing sulfate ion are soluble.
• Except ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Rb}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{NH}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{+}}$ ions, compounds containing carbonate, phosphate, chromate and sulfite ions are insoluble in water.
• Except ${\text{Li}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Na}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{K}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Rb}}^{\text{+}}$ , ${\text{Cs}}^{\text{+}}$ and ${\text{Ba}}^{\text{2+}}$ ions, compounds containing hydroxide ions are insoluble in water.

Answer to Problem 9.24QP

The water solubility of given compounds are,

${\text{Sr(OH)}}_2{}_{\text{(s)}}$ precipitate is formed.

Explanation of Solution

The balanced equation for reaction of ${\text{Sr(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$ and ${\text{Ca(OH)}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$ is,

${\text{Sr(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}+{\text{Ca(OH)}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}\to {\text{Sr(OH)}}_2{}_{\text{(s)}}\downarrow +{\text{Ca(NO}}_{\text{3}}{\text{)}}_{\text{2}}{}_{\text{(aq)}}$

According to the solubility guideline, ${\text{Sr(OH)}}_2{}_{\text{(s)}}$ is contains hydroxide ion so it is insoluble in water so it get precipitated.