The alkyl halide has to be selected from the given set of alkyl halides , which shows the greater rate of S N 2 reaction with KN 3 in acetone. Concept Introduction: S N 2 reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration. Rate = k [ alkylhalide ] × [ nucleophile ] Structure of the substrate plays a major role in S N 2 reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of S N 2 reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile. Polar aprotic solvent is good for S N 2 reaction because it is not interact with nucleophile. Less basic good or moderate nucleophile is good for S N 2 reaction because it is not abstract a proton only attacks the positive center only. Better leaving group is good for S N 2 reaction because removal of leaving group also be in rate determining step in S N 2 reaction.

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LTS Solid: AT=Te-Ti Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average ΔΗ Mass water, g 24.096 23.976 23.975 Moles of solid, mol 0.01763 001767 0101781 Temp. change, °C 2.9°C 11700 2.0°C Heat of reaction, J -292.37J -170.473 -193.26J AH, kJ/mole 16.58K 9.647 kJ 10.85 kr 16.58K59.64701 KJ mol 12.35k Minimum AS, J/mol K 41.582 mol-k Remember: q = mCsAT (m = mass of water, Cs=4.184J/g°C) & qsin =-qrxn & Show your calculations for: AH in J and then in kJ/mole for Trial 1: qa (24.0969)(4.1845/g) (-2.9°C)=-292.37J qsin = qrxn = 292.35 292.37J AH in J = 292.375 0.2923kJ 0.01763m01 =1.65×107 AH in kJ/mol = = 16.58K 0.01763mol mol qrx Minimum AS in J/mol K (Hint: use the average initial temperature of the three trials, con Kelvin.) AS=AHIT (1.65×10(9.64×103) + (1.0 Jimai

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 9, Problem 9.18P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alkyl halide has to be selected from the given set of alkyl halides, which shows the greater rate of $SN2$ reaction with $KN3$ in acetone.

Concept Introduction:

$SN2$ reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.

$Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]$

Structure of the substrate plays a major role in $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.

Polar aprotic solvent is good for $SN2$ reaction because it is not interact with nucleophile.

Less basic good or moderate nucleophile is good for $SN2$ reaction because it is not abstract a proton only attacks the positive center only.

Better leaving group is good for $SN2$ reaction because removal of leaving group also be in rate determining step in $SN2$ reaction.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The alkyl halide has to be selected from the given set of alkyl halides, which shows the greater rate of $SN2$ reaction with $KN3$ in acetone.

Concept Introduction:

$SN2$ reaction: It is a nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the rate determining step depends on both alkyl halide and the nucleophile present. The bond making and the bond breaking process happens simultaneously in this reaction, which results in the inversion of configuration.

$Rate = k [alkylhalide]×[nucleophile]$

Structure of the substrate plays a major role in $SN2$ reaction. If the substrate is more substituted the rate of the reaction becomes slower. Since the mechanism of $SN2$ reaction proceeds through backside attack on the substrate it depends on steric factor of reactant and nucleophile.

Polar aprotic solvent is good for $SN2$ reaction because it is not interact with nucleophile.

Less basic good or moderate nucleophile is good for $SN2$ reaction because it is not abstract a proton only attacks the positive center only.

Better leaving group is good for $SN2$ reaction because removal of leaving group also be in rate determining step in $SN2$ reaction.

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LTS Solid: AT=Te-Ti Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 Average ΔΗ Mass water, g 24.096 23.976 23.975 Moles of solid, mol 0.01763 001767 0101781 Temp. change, °C 2.9°C 11700 2.0°C Heat of reaction, J -292.37J -170.473 -193.26J AH, kJ/mole 16.58K 9.647 kJ 10.85 kr 16.58K59.64701 KJ mol 12.35k Minimum AS, J/mol K 41.582 mol-k Remember: q = mCsAT (m = mass of water, Cs=4.184J/g°C) & qsin =-qrxn & Show your calculations for: AH in J and then in kJ/mole for Trial 1: qa (24.0969)(4.1845/g) (-2.9°C)=-292.37J qsin = qrxn = 292.35 292.37J AH in J = 292.375 0.2923kJ 0.01763m01 =1.65×107 AH in kJ/mol = = 16.58K 0.01763mol mol qrx Minimum AS in J/mol K (Hint: use the average initial temperature of the three trials, con Kelvin.) AS=AHIT (1.65×10(9.64×103) + (1.0 Jimai

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