Concept explainers
For each of the following unbalanced chemical equations, suppose exactly 5.0 g of each reactant is taken. Determine which reactant is limiting, and calculate what mass of each product is expected, assuming that the limiting reactant is completely consumed.
msp;
msp;
msp;
msp;
(a)
Interpretation:
Using Before-Change-After (BCA) tables, the limiting reactant should be determined in the given unbalanced equation, supposing that exactly
Concept Introduction:
To determine how much product can be formed from a given mixture of reactants, we have to look for the reactant that is limiting; the one that runs out first and thus limits the amount of product that can form. The reactant that runs out first limiting the amount of products form is called the limiting reactant or limiting reagent.
To determine limiting reactant, first we should have a balanced equation. Then we include the information in Before-Change-After table.
E.g
Balanced equation
Before
Change
After
Starting amounts of reactants are presented in before row. The change row represents how much of each substance reacts or is produced. The after row represents how much of each substance remain in the final reaction mixture. The ratio of the numbers in the change row has to be the same as the ratio of the coefficients in the balanced equation.
Answer to Problem 88AP
The limiting reagent is Br2
Mass of NaBr produce =
Explanation of Solution
Number of moles of Na =
Number of moles of Br2 =
Possibility I: if Na runs out first
Balanced equation
Before
Change
________________________________________________________
After
Possibility II: if Br2 runs out first
Balanced equation
Before
Change
________________________________________________________
After
According to BCA tables, Na is not the limiting reactant as to react with all the Na we need
Mass of NaBr produce =
(b)
Interpretation:
Using Before-Change-After (BCA) tables, the limiting reactant should be determined in the given unbalanced equation, supposing that exactly
Concept Introduction:
To determine how much product can be formed from a given mixture of reactants, we have to look for the reactant that is limiting; the one that runs out first and thus limits the amount of product that can form. The reactant that runs out first limiting the amount of products form is called the limiting reactant or limiting reagent.
To determine limiting reactant, first we should have a balanced equation. Then we include the information in Before-Change-After table.
E.g
Balanced equation
Before
Change
After
Starting amounts of reactants are presented in before row. The change row represents how much of each substance reacts or is produced. The after row represents how much of each substance remain in the final reaction mixture. The ratio of the numbers in the change row has to be the same as the ratio of the coefficients in the balanced equation.
Answer to Problem 88AP
The limiting reagent is CuSO4 Mass of ZnSO4 produce =
Mass of Cu produce =
Explanation of Solution
Number of moles of Zn =
Number of moles of CuSO4 =
Possibility I: if Zn runs out first
Balanced equation
Before
Change
______________________________________________________________________________
After
Possibility II: if CuSO4 runs out first
Balanced equation
Before
Change
______________________________________________________________________________
After
According to BCA tables, Zn is not the limiting reactant as to react with all the Zn, we need
Mass of ZnSO4 produce =
Mass of Cu produce =
(c)
Interpretation:
Using Before-Change-After (BCA) tables, the limiting reactant should be determined in the given unbalanced equation, supposing that exactly
Concept Introduction:
To determine how much product can be formed from a given mixture of reactants, we have to look for the reactant that is limiting; the one that runs out first and thus limits the amount of product that can form. The reactant that runs out first limiting the amount of products form is called the limiting reactant or limiting reagent.
To determine limiting reactant, first we should have a balanced equation. Then we include the information in Before-Change-After table.
E.g
Balanced equation
Before
Change
After
Starting amounts of reactants are presented in before row. The change row represents how much of each substance reacts or is produced. The after row represents how much of each substance remain in the final reaction mixture. The ratio of the numbers in the change row has to be the same as the ratio of the coefficients in the balanced equation.
Answer to Problem 88AP
The limiting reagent is NH4 Cl
Mass of H2 O produce =
Mass of NH3 produce =
Mass of NaCl produce =
Explanation of Solution
Number of moles of NH4 Cl =
Number of moles of NaOH =
Possibility I: if NH4 Cl runs out first
Balanced equation
Before
Change
______________________________________________________________________________
After
Possibility II: if NaOH runs out first
Balanced equation
Before
Change
______________________________________________________________________________
After
According to BCA tables, NaOH is not the limiting reactant as, to react with all the NaOH, we need
Mass of H2 O produce =
Mass of NH3 produce =
Mass of NaCl produce =
(d)
Interpretation:
Using Before-Change-After (BCA) tables, the limiting reactant should be determined in the given unbalanced equation, supposing that exactly
Concept Introduction:
To determine how much product can be formed from a given mixture of reactants, we have to look for the reactant that is limiting; the one that runs out first and thus limits the amount of product that can form. The reactant that runs out first limiting the amount of products form is called the limiting reactant or limiting reagent.
To determine limiting reactant, first we should have a balanced equation. Then we include the information in Before-Change-After table.
E.g
Balanced equation
Before
Change
After
Starting amounts of reactants are presented in before row. The change row represents how much of each substance reacts or is produced. The after row represents how much of each substance remain in the final reaction mixture. The ratio of the numbers in the change row has to be the same as the ratio of the coefficients in the balanced equation.
Answer to Problem 88AP
The limiting reagent is Fe2 O3
Mass of Fe produce =
Mass of CO2 produce =
Explanation of Solution
Number of moles of Fe2 O3 =
Number of moles of CO =
Possibility I: if Fe2 O3 runs out first
Balanced equation
Before
Change
____________________________________________________________________________
After
Possibility II: if CO runs out first
Balanced equation
Before
Change
____________________________________________________________________________
After
According to BCA tables, CO is not the limiting reactant as, to react with all the CO, we need
Mass of Fe produce =
Mass of CO2 produce =
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Chapter 9 Solutions
Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation
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