To specify why the masses of the reactants or products involved in a chemical reaction do not give a correct insight about the stoichiometric coefficients of them in a balanced chemical reaction. Concept Introduction: A chemical reaction represents the breaking of bonds and forming of new chemical bonds between the atomic species involved. According to Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms are not changed or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Therefore, in order to be consistent with this premise one must make sure that a chemical reaction is balanced before performing any quantitative evaluations about the chemical reaction. In other words, one must choose the coefficients that give the same number of each type of atoms on both sides using the smallest possible integers. Mass is a variable that is used to quantify the amount of matter. One could use it with a reliable accuracy if one uses correctly calibrated instruments to measure mass.

Question

One suggestion for solving the fuel shortage due to decreasing volumes of fossil fuels are hydrogen / oxygen fuel cells. a. State the two half-cell reaction equations for such fuel cells. Calculate the cell potential as well as the electrical work gained by this fuel cell at standard conditions with E002/H20 = 1.229 V. b. Compare the fuel cell to the Gibbs free energy of the combustion reaction of n-octane at standard conditions. Use ASºm, n-Oct., 1 = 361.2 J/mol K.

Answer 1

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 9, Problem 3QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To specify why the masses of the reactants or products involved in a chemical reaction do not give a correct insight about the stoichiometric coefficients of them in a balanced chemical reaction.

Concept Introduction:

A chemical reaction represents the breaking of bonds and forming of new chemical bonds between the atomic species involved. According to Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms are not changed or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Therefore, in order to be consistent with this premise one must make sure that a chemical reaction is balanced before performing any quantitative evaluations about the chemical reaction. In other words, one must choose the coefficients that give the same number of each type of atoms on both sides using the smallest possible integers.

Mass is a variable that is used to quantify the amount of matter. One could use it with a reliable accuracy if one uses correctly calibrated instruments to measure mass.

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One suggestion for solving the fuel shortage due to decreasing volumes of fossil fuels are hydrogen / oxygen fuel cells. a. State the two half-cell reaction equations for such fuel cells. Calculate the cell potential as well as the electrical work gained by this fuel cell at standard conditions with E002/H20 = 1.229 V. b. Compare the fuel cell to the Gibbs free energy of the combustion reaction of n-octane at standard conditions. Use ASºm, n-Oct., 1 = 361.2 J/mol K.

a. Determine the electrochemical potential of the following cell using E°Mg2+/Mg = -2.362 V. Mg | Mg2+ (a=104) || H* (a = 4) | H2 (p = 0.5 bar) | Pt b. A galvanic chain consists of Co²+ / Co and Ag+ / Ag half-cells with EºCo²+/Co = -0.282 V and Eº Ag+/Ag = 0.799 V. Determine which half-cell will be reduced and which one will be oxidised. Furthermore, calculate the electrochemical potential as well as the equilibrium constant of the whole cell at i. [Co²+] = 0.1 M and [Ag+] = 0.5 M ii. [Co²+] = 0.001 M and [Ag*] = 1.5 M

The equilibrium voltage of the following cell has been measured at 0.522 V at 25 °C. Pt | H2, g❘ HClaq || AgClaq | Ags State the redox reactions present in this cell. Calculate the pH value of the electrolyte solution with KL, AgCl = 1.96 · 10-10 mol² / L². Assume that the concentrations of H+ and Clare equal.

Answer 2

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 9, Problem 3QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To specify why the masses of the reactants or products involved in a chemical reaction do not give a correct insight about the stoichiometric coefficients of them in a balanced chemical reaction.

Concept Introduction:

A chemical reaction represents the breaking of bonds and forming of new chemical bonds between the atomic species involved. According to Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms are not changed or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Therefore, in order to be consistent with this premise one must make sure that a chemical reaction is balanced before performing any quantitative evaluations about the chemical reaction. In other words, one must choose the coefficients that give the same number of each type of atoms on both sides using the smallest possible integers.

Mass is a variable that is used to quantify the amount of matter. One could use it with a reliable accuracy if one uses correctly calibrated instruments to measure mass.

Expert Solution & Answer

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Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 3

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 9, Problem 3QAP

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

To specify why the masses of the reactants or products involved in a chemical reaction do not give a correct insight about the stoichiometric coefficients of them in a balanced chemical reaction.

Concept Introduction:

A chemical reaction represents the breaking of bonds and forming of new chemical bonds between the atomic species involved. According to Dalton’s atomic theory, atoms are not changed or destroyed in a chemical reaction. Therefore, in order to be consistent with this premise one must make sure that a chemical reaction is balanced before performing any quantitative evaluations about the chemical reaction. In other words, one must choose the coefficients that give the same number of each type of atoms on both sides using the smallest possible integers.

Mass is a variable that is used to quantify the amount of matter. One could use it with a reliable accuracy if one uses correctly calibrated instruments to measure mass.

Expert Solution & Answer

Trending nowThis is a popular solution!

See solution

Check out sample textbook solution

Answer 4

Question

Definition Definition Number that is expressed before molecules, ions, and atoms such that it balances out the number of components present on either section of the equation in a chemical reaction. Stoichiometric coefficients can be a fraction or a whole number and are useful in determining the mole ratio among the reactants and products. In any equalized chemical equation, the number of components on either side of the equation will be the same.

Chapter 9, Problem 3QAP

Interpretation Introduction