BIOLOGY
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781265202859
Author: BROOKER
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Chapter 9, Problem 5TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Signaling molecules control the three common categories of proteins namely: structural proteins, enzymes, and transcription factors. Signaling molecules such as sex hormones affect the proteins, which regulates the transcription of genes.
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Which of the following statements is truc
a. Neurotransmitters must bind to a receptor to exert an action on a cell but hormones do not have
to bind to a receptor to exert an action
b. The nervous system effects are longer lasting than the endocrine system
c. The nervous system effects are faster to respond than the endocrine system
d. The nervous system releases neurotransmitters into the bloodstream similar to how the
endocrine system releases hormones into the bloodstream
which of the following happens when a therapeutic synthetic homone is introduced intno the body to treat patients natural hormone insufficiency?(select all that apply)
A. The target cell responds the same way as when the hormone is natural
B. the synthetic hormone has no effect on the target tissues
C. the amount of natural hormone produced by the patients body declines
D. the synthetic hormone is destroyed before it can have an effect on the target tissue.
Which of the following exert their cell signaling ability proteteolysis of other proteins? multiple answers
A.
RAS
B.
Epidermal Growth factor
C.
Notch Receptor
D.
TGF-Beta Receptor
E.
Estrogen Receptor
Chapter 9 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 9.1 - Figure 9.1 Response of a yeast cell to glucose....Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 1CSCh. 9.1 - Which type of signal, paracrine or endocrine, is...Ch. 9.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 9.2 - Prob. 1CSCh. 9.2 - Prob. 2CSCh. 9.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1CSCh. 9.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9.3 - Prob. 2CC
Ch. 9.3 - In the case of signaling pathways involving...Ch. 9.5 - Prob. 1EQCh. 9.5 - Prob. 2EQCh. 9.5 - Prob. 3EQCh. 9.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 9 - Prob. 1TYCh. 9 - Prob. 2TYCh. 9 - Prob. 3TYCh. 9 - Prob. 4TYCh. 9 - Prob. 5TYCh. 9 - The relay protein Ras is part of the EGF pathway...Ch. 9 - Prob. 7TYCh. 9 - Prob. 8TYCh. 9 - Prob. 9TYCh. 9 - Prob. 10TYCh. 9 - Prob. 1CQCh. 9 - Conceptual Questions What are the three stages of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 3CQCh. 9 - Prob. 1COQCh. 9 - Prob. 2COQ
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- Which of these substances, produced by many body tissues, can promoteinflammation, pain, and vasodilation of blood vessels?a. endorphins c. thymosin e. prostaglandinsb. enkephalins d. epidermal growth factorarrow_forwardJohn is told that he has a hormone receptor problem and his cells are not responsive to hormone stimulation. Which of the following is a possible reason for his problem? Select one: A. He has an ectopic tumor. B. He has hypersensitivity to the hormone. C. He has a receptor that has been overstimulated. D. He has too many receptors for the hormone. E. He has antibodies that block the function of the hormone receptor. O O O Oarrow_forward1. Cortisol: a. is made in the middle zone of the adrenal cortex b. is a glucocorticoid c. has an antiimmunity effect d. all of the above 2. Protein hormones have hormone receptors in the cell: a. both a and c above b. membrane c. nucleus 3. D. cytoplasm The difference between a three- and a two-neuron reflex is that a three-neuron reflex: a. includes an efferent neuron b. includes an afferent neuron c. passes through the dorsal root ganglion d. includes an interneuronarrow_forward
- A ______ requires the use of a second messenger system to enter a cell. a. steroid hormone c. pheromone b. peptide hormone d. All of these are correctarrow_forwardSteroid hormones a. can diffuse through the membrane without a carrier. b. have a direct effect on gene expression. c. bind to membrane receptors. d. Both a and b are correct.arrow_forwardEndocrine signals are transmitted more slowly than paracrine signals because ___________. a. the ligands are transported through the bloodstream and travel greater distances b. the target and signaling cells are close together c. the ligands are degraded rapidly d. the ligands don't bind to carrier proteins during transportarrow_forward
- ______are signaling molecules that travel through the blood and affect distant cells in the same individual. a. Hormones c. Pheromones b. Neurotransmitters d. Neuromodulatorsarrow_forwardRecent studies suggest that blue light exposure can impact human circadian rhythms. This suggests that blue light disrupts the function of the _____ gland(s). a. adrenal b. pituitary c. pineal d. thyroidarrow_forwardMatch each term with the most suitable description. ___ exocrine gland a. cell in nervous tissue ___ endocrine gland b. secretes a hormone ___ fibroblast c. secretes through a duct ___ melanocyte d. collagen-producing cell ___ neuron e. contracts involuntarily ___ smooth muscle f. pigment-producing cell ___ skeletal muscle g. main source of body heat ___ blood h. main cells in epidermis ___ keratinocyte i. fluid connective tissue ___ extracellular fluid j. includes interstitial fluid, lympharrow_forward
- The action of steroid hormones is different from that of peptide hormones becausea. peptide hormones must enter the cell to begin action, whereas steroid hormones must begin action on the external surface of the cell membrane.b. steroid hormones must enter the cell to begin action, whereas peptide hormones must begin action on the external surface of the cell membrane.c. peptide hormones produce a hormone receptor complex that works directly on the DNA, whereas steroid hormones cause the release of a secondary messenger that triggers enzymes.d. None of these answers is correct.arrow_forwardTransmitter release is dependent on the interaction between v-SNAREs and t-SNAREs. The interaction of these proteins leads to vesicle docking and fusion. Which chemical stimulates the interaction between these proteins? a. cholinesterase b. calcium c. potassium d. ionium What is one important difference between organizing and activating effects of hormones? a. Organizing effects take place during an early sensitive period b. Activating effects are more permanent c. Activating effects take place only in the brain d. Organizing effects take place only in the gonadsarrow_forwardA neuroendocrine cell is best described as... A. A neuron that releases a neurotransmitter into a synapse B. An endocrine cell that secretes a hormone into the circulatory system C. A neuron that secretes a neurohormone into the circulatory system D. None of the abovearrow_forward
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