(a) Interpretation: The criteria of spontaneity involved in the process of evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted. Concept introduction: The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below. • The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases. • The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases. • The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Question

CHEM2323 Problem 2-24 Tt O e: ל Predict the product(s) of the following acid/base reactions. Draw curved arrows to show the formation and breaking of bonds. If the bonds needed are not drawn out, you should redraw them. + BF3 (a) (b) HI + (c) OH -BF Problem 2-25 Use curved arrows and a proton (H+) to draw the protonated form of the following Lewis bases. Before starting, add all missing lone pairs. (a) (b) :0: (c) N 1 CHEM2323 PS CH02 Name:

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.62E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the process of evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

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CHEM2323 Problem 2-24 Tt O e: ל Predict the product(s) of the following acid/base reactions. Draw curved arrows to show the formation and breaking of bonds. If the bonds needed are not drawn out, you should redraw them. + BF3 (a) (b) HI + (c) OH -BF Problem 2-25 Use curved arrows and a proton (H+) to draw the protonated form of the following Lewis bases. Before starting, add all missing lone pairs. (a) (b) :0: (c) N 1 CHEM2323 PS CH02 Name:

CHEM2323 Problem 2-26 Tt O PS CH02 Name: Use the curved-arrow formalism to show how the electrons flow in the resonance form on the left to give the one on the right. (Draw all lone pairs first) (a) NH2 NH2 + (b) Problem 2-27 Double bonds can also act like Lewis bases, sharing their electrons with Lewis acids. Use curved arrows to show how each of the following double bonds will react with H-Cl and draw the resulting carbocation. (a) H2C=CH2 (b) (c) Problem 2-28 Identify the most electronegative element in each of the following molecules: (a) CH2FCI F Problem 2-29 (b) FCH2CH2CH2Br (c) HOCH2CH2NH2 (d) CH3OCH2Li F 0 0 Use the electronegativity table in Figure 2.3 to predict which bond in the following pairs is more polar and indicate the direction of bond polarity for each compound. (a) H3C-Cl or Cl-CI (b) H3C-H or H-CI (c) HO-CH3 or (CH3)3Si-CH3 (d) H3C-Li or Li-OH

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.62E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the process of evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.62E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the process of evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 8, Problem 8.62E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the process of evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

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Answer 5

Chapter 8, Problem 8.62E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the process of evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 6

Chapter 8, Problem 8.62E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the process of evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 7

Chapter 8, Problem 8.62E

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the process of evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 10

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 11

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 12

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 13

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 14

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 15

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The criteria of spontaneity involved in the given process are to be predicted.

Concept introduction:

The criteria of spontaneity are determined by the factors given below.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy decreases but the entropy of the system increases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases but the entropy of the system decreases.

• The process is spontaneous when the energy increases and there is large increase in the entropy of the system.

Answer 16

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Answer 27

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Solution Summary: The author explains that the criteria of spontaneity involved in evaporation of a liquid are to be predicted.

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