Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781305960060
Author: Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. Hansen
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 8, Problem 8.54E
Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The direction of the equilibrium shift and the change that will be observed (color, amount of precipitate, etc.) in the given equilibria when the indicated stress is applied is to be predicted using the Le Chȃtelier’s principle.

Concept introduction:

The equilibrium constant is a parameter which describes the relationship between concentration of the reactants and the products at equilibrium stage. Equilibrium constant of a reaction is expressed by the ratio of concentration of product species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients to the concentration of reactant species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 8.54E

The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the right direction and dark purple color will be observed due to the formation of copper complex.

Explanation of Solution

According to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle the change in concentration, volume, pressure and temperature affects the equilibrium of the reaction.

The given equilibrium reaction is shown below.

Co2+(aq)+4NH3(aq)Cu(NH3)42(aq)blue     colorless   darkpurple

It is considered that when NH3 is added to the equilibrium mixture, the amount of NH3 on the left hand side increases. Hence, according to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle, the equilibrium will shift towards right direction to compensate the increased amount of NH3. Thus, the dark purple color will be observed due to the formation of copper complex.

Conclusion

The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the right direction and dark purple color will be observed due to the formation of copper complex.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The direction of the equilibrium shift and the change that will be observed (color, amount of precipitate, etc.) in the given equilibria when the indicated stress is applied is to be predicted using the Le Chȃtelier’s principle.

Concept introduction:

The equilibrium constant is a parameter which describes the relationship between concentration of the reactants and the products at equilibrium stage. Equilibrium constant of a reaction is expressed by the ratio of concentration of product species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients to the concentration of reactant species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 8.54E

The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the right direction and white solid will be formed due to the formation of lead chloride.

Explanation of Solution

According to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle the change in concentration, volume, pressure and temperature affects the equilibrium of the reaction.

The given equilibrium reaction is shown below.

Pb2+(aq)+2Cl(aq)PbCl2(s)+heatcolorless  colorless   whitesolid

It is considered that whenequilibrium mixture is cooled, the temperature on right hand side decreases. Hence, according to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle, the equilibrium will shift towards right direction to compensate the decrease in temperature. Thus, the white solid would be formed due to the formation of lead chloride.

Conclusion

The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the right direction and white solid will be formed due to the formation of lead chloride.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The direction of the equilibrium shift and the change that will be observed (color, amount of precipitate, etc.) in the given equilibria when the indicated stress is applied is to be predicted using the Le Chȃtelier’s principle.

Concept introduction:

The equilibrium constant is a parameter which describes the relationship between concentration of the reactants and the products at equilibrium stage. Equilibrium constant of a reaction is expressed by the ratio of concentration of product species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients to the concentration of reactant species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 8.54E

The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the right direction and colorless gas will be liberated due to the formation of C2H4I2.

Explanation of Solution

According to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle the change in concentration, volume, pressure and temperature affects the equilibrium of the reaction.

The given equilibrium reaction is shown below.

   C2H4  +   I2    C2H4I2   + heatcolorlessgas  violetgas   colorlessgas

It is considered that when the some amount of C2H4I2 is removed to the equilibrium mixture, thus the amount of C2H4I2 on the right hand side decreases. Hence, according to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle, the equilibrium will shift towards right direction to compensate the decreased amount of C2H4I2. Thus, colorless gas will be liberated due to the formation of C2H4I2.

Conclusion

The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the right direction and colorless gas will be liberated due to the formation of C2H4I2.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The direction of the equilibrium shift and the change that will be observed (color, amount of precipitate, etc.) in the given equilibria when the indicated stress is applied is to be predicted using the Le Chȃtelier’s principle.

Concept introduction:

The equilibrium constant is a parameter which describes the relationship between concentration of the reactants and the products at equilibrium stage. Equilibrium constant of a reaction is expressed by the ratio of concentration of product species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients to the concentration of reactant species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 8.54E

The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the right direction and colorless gas will be liberated due to the formation of C2H4I2.

Explanation of Solution

According to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle the change in concentration, volume, pressure and temperature affects the equilibrium of the reaction.

The given equilibrium reaction is shown below.

   C2H4  +   I2    C2H4I2   + heatcolorlessgas  violetgas   colorlessgas

It is considered that whenequilibrium mixture is cooled, thus the temperature on right hand side decreases. Hence, according to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle, the equilibrium will shift towards right direction to compensate the decrease in temperature. Thus, the colorless gas will be liberated due to the formation of C2H4I2.

Conclusion

The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the right direction and colorless gas will be liberated due to the formation of C2H4I2.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation:

The direction of the equilibrium shift and the change that will be observed (color, amount of precipitate, etc.) in the given equilibria when the indicated stress is applied is to be predicted using the Le Chȃtelier’s principle.

Concept introduction:

The equilibrium constant is a parameter which describes the relationship between concentration of the reactants and the products at equilibrium stage. Equilibrium constant of a reaction is expressed by the ratio of concentration of product species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients to the concentration of reactant species raised to the power of their stoichiometric coefficients.

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 8.54E

There will be no effect of catalyst on the equilibrium. The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the left direction due to the addition of NH3 and brown gas will be liberated due to the formation of nitrogen dioxide.

Explanation of Solution

According to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle the change in concentration, volume, pressure and temperature affects the equilibrium of the reaction.

The given equilibrium reaction is shown below.

heat+ 4NO2+ 6H2O   7O2   + 4NH3     brown colorless   colorless  colorless      gas     gas      gas      gas

It is considered that when catalyst and NH3 is added to the equilibrium mixture, there will be no effect of catalyst on the equilibriumbut the amount of NH3 increases. Hence, according to the Le Chȃtelier’s principle, the equilibrium will shift towards left direction to compensate the increased amount of NH3. Thus, the brown gas will be liberated due to the formation of nitrogen dioxide.

Conclusion

There will be no effect of catalyst on the equilibrium. The shift in the equilibrium will be towards the left direction due to the addition of NH3 and brown gas will be liberated due to the formation of nitrogen dioxide.

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Chapter 8 Solutions

Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Biochemistry

Ch. 8 - Classify the following processes according to...Ch. 8 - Describe the observations or measurements that...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.13ECh. 8 - Consider the following hypothetical reaction: A+BC...Ch. 8 - Consider the following hypothetical reaction: A+BC...Ch. 8 - A reaction generates chlorine gas (Cl2) as a...Ch. 8 - A reaction generates hydrogen gas (H2) as a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.18ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.19ECh. 8 - In each of the following, which reaction mechanism...Ch. 8 - Which reaction mechanism assumptions are...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.22ECh. 8 - Sketch energy diagrams to represent each of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.24ECh. 8 - Use energy diagrams to compare catalyzed and...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.26ECh. 8 - The following reactions are proposed. Make a rough...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.28ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.29ECh. 8 - Suppose you are running a reaction and you want to...Ch. 8 - A reaction is started by mixing reactants. As time...Ch. 8 - A reaction is run at 10C and takes 3.7hours to go...Ch. 8 - What factor is more important than simply the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.34ECh. 8 - Describe the establishment of equilibrium in a...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.36ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.37ECh. 8 - Colorless hydrogen gas (H2) and red-brown colored...Ch. 8 - Colorless N2O4 gas decomposes to form red-brown...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.40ECh. 8 - Write an equilibrium expression for each of the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.42ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.43ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.44ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.45ECh. 8 - A sample of gaseous BrCl is allowed to decompose...Ch. 8 - At 600C, gaseous CO and Cl2 are mixed together in...Ch. 8 - A mixture of the gases NOCl, Cl2 and NO is allowed...Ch. 8 - Consider the following equilibrium constants....Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.50ECh. 8 - Use Le Chteliers principle to predict the...Ch. 8 - Use Le Chteliers principle to predict the...Ch. 8 - Use Le Chteliers principle to predict the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.54ECh. 8 - Tell what will happen to each equilibrium...Ch. 8 - Tell what will happen to each equilibrium...Ch. 8 - The gaseous reaction 2HBr(g)H2(g)+Br2(g) is...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.58ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.59ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.60ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.61ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.62ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.63ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.64ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.65ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.66ECh. 8 - Refer to Figure 8.10 and answer the questions....Ch. 8 - Refer to Figure 8.13 and answer the questions....Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.69ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.70ECh. 8 - Suppose you have two identical unopened bottles of...Ch. 8 - Someone once suggested that it is impossible to...Ch. 8 - A reaction takes place between an acid and...Ch. 8 - If the reaction:A+BC+D is designated as first...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.75ECh. 8 - A book is held 6 feet above the floor and then...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.77ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.78ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.79ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.80ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.81ECh. 8 - Which of the following is the best example of...Ch. 8 - Which is NOT an example of an endothermic change?...Ch. 8 - Which of the following processes is endothermic?...Ch. 8 - Which sentence best describes the following...Ch. 8 - By which of the following mechanisms does a...Ch. 8 - Which of the following is NOT true of reversible...Ch. 8 - Given the reaction: 2CO(g)+O2(g)2CO2(g) When there...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.89ECh. 8 - Consider the reaction N2(g)+3H2(g)2NH3(g)+heat....Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.91ECh. 8 - Prob. 8.92ECh. 8 - For the reaction: H2(g)+Br2(g)2HBr(g), the...Ch. 8 - Prob. 8.94E
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