Chapter 7, Problem 7.1E

Many solutions are found in the home. Some are listed below, with the composition as printed on the label. When no percentage is indicated, components are usually given in order of decreasing amount. When water is present, it is often not mentioned on the label or it is included in the inert ingredients. Identify the solvent and solutes of the following solutions:

a. Antiseptic mouthwash: alcohol $25\%$, thymol, eucalyptol, methyl salicylate, menthol, benzoic acid, boric acid

b. Paregoric: alcohol $45\%$, opium $0.4\%$

c. Baby oil: mineral oil, lanolin (there happens to be no water in this solution-why?)

d. Distilled vinegar: acetic acid $5\%$

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The solvent and solutes present in the given solution are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A homogenous mixture that is made up of a solvent and solutes is known as a solution. A heterogeneous mixture in which particles are suspended in a solvent is known as a suspension. The mixture that has particle size in between solution and suspension is named as colloidal mixture.

Answer to Problem 7.1E

In the given solution, the solvent is inert ingredients and the solute is alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

A homogenous mixture that is made up of a solvent and solutes is known as a solution. In a solution, solvent is present in more amount whereas solute is present in a lesser amount.

In the given solution alcohol is present in a lesser amount as compared to inert ingredients. Therefore, the solvent is inert ingredients and the solute is alcohol.

Conclusion

In the given solution, the solvent is inert ingredients and the solute is alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The solvent and solutes present in the given solution are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A homogenous mixture that is made up of a solvent and solutes is known as a solution. A heterogeneous mixture in which particles are suspended in a solvent is known as a suspension. The mixture that has particle size in between solution and suspension is named as colloidal mixture.

Answer to Problem 7.1E

In the given solution, the solvent is water and the solute is alcohol.

Explanation of Solution

A homogenous mixture that is made up of a solvent and solutes is known as a solution. In a solution, solvent is present in more amount whereas solute is present in a lesser amount.

In the given solution alcohol is present in lesser amount as compared to water, which is not mentioned. Therefore, the solvent is water and the solute is alcohol.

Conclusion

In the given solution, the solvent is water and the solute is alcohol.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation:

The solvent and solutes present in the given solution are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A homogenous mixture that is made up of a solvent and solutes is known as a solution. A heterogeneous mixture in which particles are suspended in a solvent is known as a suspension. The mixture that has particle size in between solution and suspension is named as colloidal mixture.

Answer to Problem 7.1E

In the given solution, the solvent is mineral oil and the solute is lanolin.

Explanation of Solution

A homogenous mixture that is made up of a solvent and solutes is known as a solution. In a solution, solvent is present in more amount whereas solute is present in a lesser amount.

In the given solution lanolin is present in a lesser amount as compared to mineral oil. Water is not present in baby oil because oil and water are not soluble with each other. Therefore, the solvent is mineral oil and the solute is lanolin.

Conclusion

In the given solution, the solvent is mineral oil and the solute is lanolin.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation:

The solvent and solutes present in the given solution are to be identified.

Concept introduction:

A homogenous mixture that is made up of a solvent and solutes is known as a solution. A heterogeneous mixture in which particles are suspended in a solvent is known as a suspension. The mixture that has particle size in between solution and suspension is named as colloidal mixture.

Answer to Problem 7.1E

In the given solution, the solvent is water and the solute is acetic acid.

Explanation of Solution

A homogenous mixture that is made up of a solvent and solutes is known as a solution. In a solution, solvent is present in more amount whereas solute is present in a lesser amount.

In the given solution acetic acid is present in a lesser amount as compared to water, which is not mentioned. Therefore, the solvent is water and the solute is acetic acid.

Conclusion

In the given solution, the solvent is water and the solute is acetic acid.