
(a)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that the reaction between
Concept introduction:
Regioselective: The reaction is considered as regioselective if it gives rise to specific constitutional isomer.
Constitutional Isomers: Two compounds are considered as constitutional isomers if they have same molecular formula but different in their connectivity.
Addition Reaction: It is defined as
In addition reaction of
Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Carbocation stability order:
(b)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that the reaction between
Concept introduction:
Stereo selective: The reaction is considered as stereo selective if it gives rise to only specific stereo isomer.
Addition Reaction: It is defined as chemical reaction in which two given molecules combines and forms product. The types of addition reactions are electrophilic addition, nucleophilic addition, free radical additions and cycloadditions. Generally, compounds with carbon-hetero atom bonds favors addition reaction.
In addition reaction of alkenes when two substituents are placed on same side of
Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.
Geometric isomers: Two compounds are considered as geometric isomers of each other if both contains same number of atoms but different in their arrangement that is compound is regarded as cis if identical substituents are placed on same side and trans if they are placed on the opposite sides.
E configuration: The geometric isomers are given E configuration if high priority groups are placed on opposite sides of the bond.
Z configuration: The geometric isomers are given Z configuration if high priority groups are placed on same sides of the bond.
Erythro product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on the same side.
Threo product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on opposite side.
R and S nomenclature: it is used to assign the molecule using CIP rules.
The CIP rules are as follows:
Select the chiral carbon and assign the numbers according to the decreasing
If the numbering follows clockwise direction then the molecule is termed as R and if it follows anti-clockwise direction then molecule is termed as S.
Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Carbocation stability order:
(c)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that the reaction between
Concept introduction:
Stereo specific: The reaction is considered as stereo specific if the reactant is stereo isomers that give rise to different set of stereo isomers.
Addition Reaction: It is defined as chemical reaction in which two given molecules combines and forms product. The types of addition reactions are electrophilic addition, nucleophilic addition, free radical additions and cycloadditions. Generally, compounds with carbon-hetero atom bonds favors addition reaction.
In addition reaction of alkenes when two substituents are placed on same side of
Electrophile: Electrophiles are electron deficient compounds which accepts electrons from nucleophiles that results in bond formation.
Geometric isomers: Two compounds are considered as geometric isomers of each other if both contains same number of atoms but different in their arrangement that is compound is regarded as cis if identical substituents are placed on same side and trans if they are placed on the opposite sides.
E configuration: The geometric isomers are given E configuration if high priority groups are placed on opposite sides of the bond.
Z configuration: The geometric isomers are given Z configuration if high priority groups are placed on same sides of the bond.
Erythro product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on the same side.
Threo product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on opposite side.
R and S nomenclature: it is used to assign the molecule using CIP rules.
The CIP rules are as follows:
Select the chiral carbon and assign the numbers according to the decreasing atomic mass of atoms attached to it.
If the numbering follows clockwise direction then the molecule is termed as R and if it follows anti-clockwise direction then molecule is termed as S.
Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Carbocation stability order:
(d)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that the reaction between
Concept introduction:
Regioselective: The reaction is considered as regioselective if it gives rise to specific constitutional isomer.
Geometric isomers: Two compounds are considered as geometric isomers of each other if both contains same number of atoms but different in their arrangement that is compound is regarded as cis if identical substituents are placed on same side and trans if they are placed on the opposite sides.
E configuration: The geometric isomers are given E configuration if high priority groups are placed on opposite sides of the bond.
Z configuration: The geometric isomers are given Z configuration if high priority groups are placed on same sides of the bond.
Erythro product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on the same side.
Threo product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on opposite side.
R and S nomenclature: it is used to assign the molecule using CIP rules.
The CIP rules are as follows:
Select the chiral carbon and assign the numbers according to the decreasing atomic mass of atoms attached to it.
If the numbering follows clockwise direction then the molecule is termed as R and if it follows anti-clockwise direction then molecule is termed as S.
Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Carbocation stability order:
(e)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that the reaction between
Concept introduction:
Stereo selective: The reaction is considered as stereo selective if it gives rise to only specific stereo isomer.
Geometric isomers: Two compounds are considered as geometric isomers of each other if both contains same number of atoms but different in their arrangement that is compound is regarded as cis if identical substituents are placed on same side and trans if they are placed on the opposite sides.
E configuration: The geometric isomers are given E configuration if high priority groups are placed on opposite sides of the bond.
Z configuration: The geometric isomers are given Z configuration if high priority groups are placed on same sides of the bond.
Erythro product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on the same side.
Threo product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on opposite side.
R and S nomenclature: it is used to assign the molecule using CIP rules.
The CIP rules are as follows:
Select the chiral carbon and assign the numbers according to the decreasing atomic mass of atoms attached to it.
If the numbering follows clockwise direction then the molecule is termed as R and if it follows anti-clockwise direction then molecule is termed as S.
Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Carbocation stability order:
(f)
Interpretation:
It should be identified that the reaction between
Concept introduction:
Stereo specific: The reaction is considered as stereo specific if the reactant is stereo isomers that give rise to different set of stereo isomers.
Geometric isomers: Two compounds are considered as geometric isomers of each other if both contains same number of atoms but different in their arrangement that is compound is regarded as cis if identical substituents are placed on same side and trans if they are placed on the opposite sides.
E configuration: The geometric isomers are given E configuration if high priority groups are placed on opposite sides of the bond.
Z configuration: The geometric isomers are given Z configuration if high priority groups are placed on same sides of the bond.
Erythro product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on the same side.
Threo product: It is the representation of carbohydrates in Fischer projection when two same substituents are placed on opposite side.
R and S nomenclature: it is used to assign the molecule using CIP rules.
The CIP rules are as follows:
Select the chiral carbon and assign the numbers according to the decreasing atomic mass of atoms attached to it.
If the numbering follows clockwise direction then the molecule is termed as R and if it follows anti-clockwise direction then molecule is termed as S.
Carbocation: it is carbon ion that bears a positive charge on it.
Carbocation stability order:

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Chapter 6 Solutions
Organic Chemistry
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- Please help me with number 5 using my data and graph. I think I might have number 3 and 4 but if possible please check me. Thanks in advance!arrow_forwarddict the major products of this organic reaction. C Explanation Check 90 + 1.0₂ 3 2. (CH3)2S Click and drag f drawing a stru © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. • 22 4 5 7 8 Y W E R S F H Bilarrow_forwardcan someone draw out the reaction mechanism for this reaction showing all the curly arrows and 2. Draw the GPNA molecule and identify the phenylalanine portion. 3. Draw L-phenylalanine with the correct stereochemistryarrow_forward
- What is the reaction mechanism for this?arrow_forwardPredict the major products of both organic reactions. Be sure to use wedge and dash bonds to show the stereochemistry of the products when it's important, for example to distinguish between two different major products. esc esc Explanation Check 2 : + + X H₁₂O + Х ง WW E R Y qab Ccaps lock shift $ P X Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility Bil T FR F18 9 G t K L Z X V B N M control opption command command T C darrow_forwardDraw the Markovnikov product of the hydrohalogenation of this alkene. this problem. Note for advanced students: draw only one product, and don't worry about showing any stereochemistry. Drawing dash and wedge bonds has been disabled for caps lock Explanation Check 2 W E R + X 5 HCI Click and drag to start drawing a structure. © 2025 McGraw Hill LLC. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Center | Accessibility Bil Y F G H K L ZZ X C V B N M control opption command F10 F10 command 4 BA Ar Carrow_forward
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