Chapter 6, Problem 47P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The transformation that synthesizes the product indicated from the below substrate should be proposed.

  

Concept introduction: Bimolecular substitution or ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ proceeds via single-step mechanism. Thus it is well known as concerted mechanism. Nucleophile approaches carbon while the leaving group still departs from the rear side (opposite to leaving group). The transition state only illustrates the geometric orientation of the substrates and reagents as they pass through the maxima in the single-step mechanism.

A general ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction mechanistic pathway is illustrated below:

  

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The transformation that synthesizes the product indicated from the substrate should be proposed.

  

Concept introduction: Bimolecular substitution or ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ proceeds via single -step mechanism. Thus it is well known as concerted mechanism. Nucleophile approaches carbon while the leaving group still departs from the rear side (opposite to leaving group). The transition state only illustrates the geometric orientation of the substrates and reagents as they pass through the maxima in the single-step mechanism.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The transformation that synthesizes the substituted product indicated with the below substrate should be proposed.

  

Concept introduction: Bimolecular substitution or ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ proceeds via single -step mechanism. Thus it is well known as concerted mechanism. Nucleophile approaches carbon while the leaving group still departs from the rear side (opposite to leaving group). The transition state only illustrates the geometric orientation of the substrates and reagents as they pass through the maxima in the single-step mechanism.

A general ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction mechanistic pathway is illustrated below:

  

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The transformation that synthesizes the substituted product indicated with the substrate should be proposed.

  

Concept introduction: Bimolecular substitution or ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ proceeds via single-step mechanism. Thus it is well known as concerted mechanism. Nucleophile approaches carbon while the leaving group still departs from the rear side (opposite to leaving group). The transition state only illustrates the geometric orientation of the substrates and reagents as they pass through the maxima in the single-step mechanism.

A general ${\text{S}}_{\text{N}}2$ reaction mechanistic pathway is illustrated below: