ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (LL)-PACKAGE
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY (LL)-PACKAGE
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781319316389
Author: VOLLHARDT
Publisher: MAC HIGHER
Question
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Chapter 6.7, Problem 6.19E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound which is more acidic between H2S and H2Se should be predicted. The conjugate base should be identified, and their relative leaving group abilities should be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

In an acid, if the electronegativity of the atom attached to the acidic proton is increased, the bond between the electronegative atom and hydrogen becomes more polar, this results in increase in the acidic strength.

On increasing the size of the atom attached to the acidic proton, the acidic strength increases. The third factor that determines the acidity of a molecule is its resonance ability. If the charge can be delocalized over several atoms in the acid, it will be more acidic. This effect is enhanced by the presence of additional electronegative atoms.

Good leaving groups are conjugate bases of strong acids.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound which is more acidic between PH3 and H2S should be predicted. The conjugate base should be identified, and their relative leaving group abilities should be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

In an acid, if the electronegativity of the atom attached to the acidic proton is increased, the bond between the electronegative atom and hydrogen becomes more polar, this results in increase in the acidic strength.

On increasing the size of the atom attached to the acidic proton, the acidic strength increases. The third factor that determines the acidity of a molecule is its resonance ability. If the charge can be delocalized over several atoms in the acid, it will be more acidic. This effect is enhanced by the presence of additional electronegative atoms.

Good leaving groups are conjugate bases of strong acids.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound which is more acidic between HClO3 and HClO2 should be predicted. The conjugate base should be identified, and their relative leaving group abilities should be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

In an acid, if the electronegativity of the atom attached to the acidic proton is increased, the bond between the electronegative atom and hydrogen becomes more polar, this results in increase in the acidic strength.

On increasing the size of the atom attached to the acidic proton, the acidic strength increases. The third factor that determines the acidity of a molecule is its resonance ability. If the charge can be delocalized over several atoms in the acid, it will be more acidic. This effect is enhanced by the presence of additional electronegative atoms.

Good leaving groups are conjugate bases of strong acids.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound which is more acidic between HBr and H2Se should be predicted. The conjugate base should be identified, and their relative leaving group abilities should be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

In an acid, if the electronegativity of the atom attached to the acidic proton is increased, the bond between the electronegative atom and hydrogen becomes more polar, this results in increase in the acidic strength.

On increasing the size of the atom attached to the acidic proton, the acidic strength increases. The third factor that determines the acidity of a molecule is its resonance ability. If the charge can be delocalized over several atoms in the acid, it will be more acidic. This effect is enhanced by the presence of additional electronegative atoms.

Good leaving groups are conjugate bases of strong acids.

(e)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The compound which is more acidic between NH4+ and H3O+ should be predicted. The conjugate base should be identified,and their relative leaving group abilities should be predicted.

Concept Introduction:

In an acid, if the electronegativity of the atom attached to the acidic proton is increased, the bond between the electronegative atom and hydrogen becomes more polar, this results in increase in the acidic strength.

On increasing the size of the atom attached to the acidic proton, the acidic strength increases. The third factor that determines the acidity of a molecule is its resonance ability. If the charge can be delocalized over several atoms in the acid, it will be more acidic. This effect is enhanced by the presence of additional electronegative atoms.

Good leaving groups are conjugate bases of strong acids.

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