Loose-leaf for Operations Management (The Mcgraw-hill Series in Operations and Decision Sciences)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781259580093
Author: William J Stevenson
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 5.S, Problem 10P
A manager must decide how many machines of a certain type to buy. The machines will be used to manufacture a new gear for which there is increased demand. The manager has narrowed the decision to two alternatives: buy one machine or buy two. If only one machine is purchased and demand is more than it can handle, a second machine can be purchased at a later time. However, the cost per machine would be lower if the two machines were purchased at the same time.
The estimated probability of low demand is .30, and the estimated probability of high demand is .70.
The
The net present value for one machine and low demand is $90,000. If demand is high, there are three options. One option is to do nothing, which would have a net present value of $90,000. A second option is to subcontract, that would have a net present value of $110,000. The third option is to purchase a second machine. This option would have a net present value of $100,000.
How many machines should the manager purchase initially? Use a decision tree to analyze this problem.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
A manager must decide how many machines of a certain type to buy. The machines will be used to manufacture a new gear for which there is increased demand. The manager has narrowed the decision to two alternatives: buy one machine or buy two. If only one machine is purchased and demand is more than it can handle, a second machine can be purchased at a later time. However, the cost per machine would be lower if the two machines were purchased at the same time. The estimated probability of low demand is .30, and the estimated probability of high demand is .70. The net present value associated with the purchase of two machines initially is $77,900 if demand is low and $137,100 if demand is high. The net present value for one machine and low demand is $98,000. If demand is high, there are three options. One option is to do nothing, which would have a net present value of $119,680. A second option is to subcontract; that would have a net present value of $115,650. The third option is to…
Jane Woodhurst is considering whether to buy one or two machines for a certain stage of the assembly line at a new electric car startup company.If one machine is purchased initially, a second one can be purchased later after observing demand.However buying the machines together is cheaper.Also the lead time to get a machine is long, so there may be lost sales if the decision to buy the 2nd machine is taken later after seeing high demand.
Jane estimates that demand may be low with a probability of 0.25, or medium with a probability of 0.3, or high with a probability of 0.45
If two machines are purchased the payoffs are 90,000$ for low demand, 200,000$ for medium demand, and 500,000$ for high demand.
If one machine is purchased, then no additional decision is required if the demand is low or medium (as one machine can handle these cases). However if the demand is high, Jane has 3 options: outsource some production, buy a 2nd machine, do nothing (live with 1 machine)
If one machine is…
* 00
Miles is considering buying a new pickup truck for his lawn service firm. The economy in town seems to
be growing, and he is wondering whether he should opt for a subcompact, compact, or full-size pickup
truck. The smaller truck would have better fuel economy, but would sacrifice capacity and some
durability. A friend at the Bureau of Economic Research told him that there is a 30% chance of lower
gas prices in his area this year, a 20% chance of higher gas prices, and a 50% chance that gas prices will
stay roughly unchanged.
Based on this information, Miles has developed a decision table that indicates the profit amount he
would end up with after a year for each combination of truck and gas prices.
States of Nature
Lower gas
Gas prices
Higher gas
Alternatives
prices
unchanged
prices
Subcompact
19,000
000
Compact
OGOʻST
000
Full size
000'9
Probability
0.3
0.5
0.2
MacBook Air
000
000
DD
F7
08
F4
F5
6
%24
)
9
|
K.
D.
Chapter 5 Solutions
Loose-leaf for Operations Management (The Mcgraw-hill Series in Operations and Decision Sciences)
Ch. 5.8 - Explain the meaning of the phrase Hours versus...Ch. 5.8 - Prob. 1.2RQCh. 5.8 - Prob. 1.3RQCh. 5.8 - Prob. 1.4RQCh. 5.8 - Prob. 1.5RQCh. 5.S - Prob. 1DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 2DRQCh. 5.S - Explain the term bounded rationality.Ch. 5.S - Prob. 4DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 5DRQ
Ch. 5.S - What information is contained in a payoff table?Ch. 5.S - Prob. 7DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 8DRQCh. 5.S - Under what circumstances is expected monetary...Ch. 5.S - Explain or define each of these terms: a. Laplace...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 11DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 12DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 13DRQCh. 5.S - Prob. 1PCh. 5.S - Refer to problem1. Suppose after a certain amount...Ch. 5.S - Refer to Problems 1 and 2 Construct a graph that...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 4PCh. 5.S - Prob. 5PCh. 5.S - The lease of Theme Park, Inc., is about to expire....Ch. 5.S - Prob. 7PCh. 5.S - Prob. 8PCh. 5.S - Prob. 9PCh. 5.S - A manager must decide how many machines of a...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 11PCh. 5.S - Prob. 12PCh. 5.S - Prob. 13PCh. 5.S - Prob. 14PCh. 5.S - Give this payoff table: a. Determine the range of...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 16PCh. 5.S - Repeat all parts of problem 16, assuming the value...Ch. 5.S - Prob. 18PCh. 5 - Prob. 1DRQCh. 5 - Prob. 2DRQCh. 5 - How do long-term and short-term capacity...Ch. 5 - Give an example of a good and a service that...Ch. 5 - Give some example of building flexibility into...Ch. 5 - Why is it important to adopt a big-picture...Ch. 5 - What is meant by capacity in chunks, and why is...Ch. 5 - Prob. 8DRQCh. 5 - How can a systems approach to capacity planning be...Ch. 5 - Prob. 10DRQCh. 5 - Why is it important to match process capabilities...Ch. 5 - Briefly discuss how uncertainty affects capacity...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13DRQCh. 5 - Prob. 14DRQCh. 5 - Prob. 15DRQCh. 5 - Prob. 16DRQCh. 5 - What is the benefit to a business organization of...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1TSCh. 5 - Prob. 2TSCh. 5 - Prob. 3TSCh. 5 - Prob. 1CTECh. 5 - Prob. 2CTECh. 5 - Identify four potential unethical actions or...Ch. 5 - Any increase in efficiency also increases...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1PCh. 5 - In a job shop, effective capacity is only 50...Ch. 5 - A producer of pottery is considering the addition...Ch. 5 - A small firm intends to increase the capacity of a...Ch. 5 - A producer of felt-tip pens has received a...Ch. 5 - A real estate agent is considering changing her...Ch. 5 - A firm plans to begin production of a new small...Ch. 5 - A manager is trying to decide whether to purchase...Ch. 5 - A company manufactures a product using two machine...Ch. 5 - A company must decide which type of machine to...Ch. 5 - Prob. 11PCh. 5 - A manager must decide how many machines of a...Ch. 5 - Prob. 13PCh. 5 - The following diagram shows a four-step process...Ch. 5 - Prob. 15PCh. 5 - Prob. 16PCh. 5 - Prob. 17PCh. 5 - Prob. 18PCh. 5 - A new machine will cost 18,000, butt result it...Ch. 5 - Remodelling an office will cost 25,000 and will...Ch. 5 - Prob. 1CQCh. 5 - Prob. 2CQCh. 5 - Prob. 3CQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, operations-management and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Scenario 3 Ben Gibson, the purchasing manager at Coastal Products, was reviewing purchasing expenditures for packaging materials with Jeff Joyner. Ben was particularly disturbed about the amount spent on corrugated boxes purchased from Southeastern Corrugated. Ben said, I dont like the salesman from that company. He comes around here acting like he owns the place. He loves to tell us about his fancy car, house, and vacations. It seems to me he must be making too much money off of us! Jeff responded that he heard Southeastern Corrugated was going to ask for a price increase to cover the rising costs of raw material paper stock. Jeff further stated that Southeastern would probably ask for more than what was justified simply from rising paper stock costs. After the meeting, Ben decided he had heard enough. After all, he prided himself on being a results-oriented manager. There was no way he was going to allow that salesman to keep taking advantage of Coastal Products. Ben called Jeff and told him it was time to rebid the corrugated contract before Southeastern came in with a price increase request. Who did Jeff know that might be interested in the business? Jeff replied he had several companies in mind to include in the bidding process. These companies would surely come in at a lower price, partly because they used lower-grade boxes that would probably work well enough in Coastal Products process. Jeff also explained that these suppliers were not serious contenders for the business. Their purpose was to create competition with the bids. Ben told Jeff to make sure that Southeastern was well aware that these new suppliers were bidding on the contract. He also said to make sure the suppliers knew that price was going to be the determining factor in this quote, because he considered corrugated boxes to be a standard industry item. Is Ben Gibson acting legally? Is he acting ethically? Why or why not?arrow_forwardScenario 3 Ben Gibson, the purchasing manager at Coastal Products, was reviewing purchasing expenditures for packaging materials with Jeff Joyner. Ben was particularly disturbed about the amount spent on corrugated boxes purchased from Southeastern Corrugated. Ben said, I dont like the salesman from that company. He comes around here acting like he owns the place. He loves to tell us about his fancy car, house, and vacations. It seems to me he must be making too much money off of us! Jeff responded that he heard Southeastern Corrugated was going to ask for a price increase to cover the rising costs of raw material paper stock. Jeff further stated that Southeastern would probably ask for more than what was justified simply from rising paper stock costs. After the meeting, Ben decided he had heard enough. After all, he prided himself on being a results-oriented manager. There was no way he was going to allow that salesman to keep taking advantage of Coastal Products. Ben called Jeff and told him it was time to rebid the corrugated contract before Southeastern came in with a price increase request. Who did Jeff know that might be interested in the business? Jeff replied he had several companies in mind to include in the bidding process. These companies would surely come in at a lower price, partly because they used lower-grade boxes that would probably work well enough in Coastal Products process. Jeff also explained that these suppliers were not serious contenders for the business. Their purpose was to create competition with the bids. Ben told Jeff to make sure that Southeastern was well aware that these new suppliers were bidding on the contract. He also said to make sure the suppliers knew that price was going to be the determining factor in this quote, because he considered corrugated boxes to be a standard industry item. As the Marketing Manager for Southeastern Corrugated, what would you do upon receiving the request for quotation from Coastal Products?arrow_forwardA machine tool salesperson offers XY plant equipment that would increase their fixed cost by $180,000, but reduce their variable cost from $40.00 to $25.00. Should the plant accept this suggestion if they can sell their entire plant capacity of 10,000 units per year at $100 each? Q= unitsarrow_forward
- A Company currently has 230 units of a product on-hand that it orders every three weeks when the salesperson visits the premises. Average demand for the product is 20 units per day with a standard deviation of 5 units. Lead time for the product to arrive is seven days. Management has a goal of 95 percent probability of not stocking out for this product. The salesperson is due to come in late this afternoon when 210 units are left in stock. How many units should be ordered?arrow_forwardHospital XYZ is in the market for a new Mammography X-Ray machine and is considering two different products. Machine A costs $20,000 up front and $200 per-use. Machine B costs $14,500 upfront and $265 per-use. At what point these two machines cross over? Which machine should they choose if their estimated number of uses is 15 over this point? Which machine should they choose if their estimate is 4 under?arrow_forwardFedori Corporation has a Parts Division that does work for other Divisions in the company as well as for outside customers. The company's Machinery Division has asked the Parts Division to provide it with 4,000 special parts each year. The special parts would require P23.00 per unit in variable production costs. The Machinery Division has a bid from an outside supplier for the special parts at P37.00 per unit. In order to have time and space to produce the special part, the Parts Division would have to cut back production of another part-the YR24 that it presently is producing. The YR24 sells for P40.00 per unit, and requires P28.00 per unit in variable production costs. Packaging and shipping costs of the YR24 are P3.00 per unit. Packaging and shipping costs for the new special part would be only P1.50 per unit. The Parts Division is now producing and selling 15,000 units of the YR24 each year. Production and sales of the YR24 would drop by 20% if the new special part is produced for…arrow_forward
- A 3 year-old a computer-controlled fabric cutting machine, which had a $25,000 purchasing price, has a current market (trade-in) value of $10,000 and expected O&M costs of $4,000, increasing by 1,000 per year. The machine is required to have an immediate repair that costs $2,000. The estimated market values are expected to decline by 20% annually (going forward). The machine can be used for another 7 years at most. The new machine has a $40,000 purchasing price. The new machine's O&M cost is estimated to be $4,000 for the first year, decreasing at an annual rate of $100 thereafter. The firm's MARR is 10%. Assume a unique minimum AEC(10%) for both machines (both the current and replacement machine). Using the information above, determine the economic service life along with the optimum annual equivalent cost of the defender (This is an infinite Horizon decision problem). a) n=4 and AEC=Between $8,400 and $8,800 b) n=4 and AEC=Between $8,000 and $8,400 c) n=5 and AEC=Between $8,400 and…arrow_forwardYou have two design options for your new line of high-resolution monitors for Computer-Aided Design (CAD)workstations. The production run is for 110,000 units. Design option A has a .90 probability of yielding 65good monitors per 100 and a .10 probability of yielding 70good monitors per 100. This design will cost $1,000,000. Design option B has a .80 probability of yielding 65good units per 100 and a .20 probability of yielding 60good units per 100. This design will cost $1,350,000. Good or bad, each monitor will cost $75. Each good monitor will sell for $150. Bad monitors are destroyed and have no salvage value. We ignore any disposal costs in this problem. Demonstrate how decision trees can be used in order to choose the design option based on the above situation. Calculate the expected monetary value (EMV) of each option and determine which option you will propose.arrow_forwardA company has a factory that is designed so that it is most eficient (average unit cost is minimized) when producing 15,000 units of output each month. However, it has an absolute maximum output capability of 17,250 units per month, and can produce as little as 7,000 units per month without corporate headquarters shifting production to another plant. If the factory produces 10,925 units in October, what is the capacity utilization rate in October for this factory?arrow_forward
- The annual sales of Crimson Pharmacy are expected to be given by S = 2.5 + 0.4t million dollars t years from now, whereas the annual sales of Cambridge Pharmacy are expected to be given by S = 1.2 + 0.8t million dollars t years from now. When will Cambridge's annual sales first surpass Crimson's annual sales?arrow_forwarda) For an upcoming red carpet evening, a company is selling tickets at $60 per person at a large theatre which has a capacity of 10,000 people. Each attendant is expected to buy $12 of food and merchandise at the film evening. The cost of providing the food and merchandise is estimated to be $5 per person. All other ancillary services will be provided by the theatre. Initial analysis indicates that the ancillary cost of providing food and merchandise, as well as the staff needed to handle ticket sales, may be described as a semi-variable cost. Data on these costs and tickets sold from three similar events held at the venue have been collected and are tabulated below: Tickets Sold Cost ($) 2100 6640 3824 11284 4650 13525 Use the high-low method to estimate the total cost function relating to these ancillary costs. b) The company will be renting the theatre which will host the upcoming red carpet evening. The budgeted fixed cost of both renting the theatre and paying the…arrow_forwardDLSU 40,000 (COB 5,000; CCS 15%; CLA 20%; COL 5% and others) Average price per computer device Php25,000Average price per Apple device Php30,000 In DLSU, students from COB, COL, and CLA purchased at least one (1) computer device in December 2020. What is the market penetration of computer device in the individual colleges? Given that students replace their computer devices once every 2 years on average, what is the projected market size (units/revenues) for computer devices for these colleges until the end of 2025? What is the concentration of sales/revenue of computer devices among the colleges (CDI)?arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Practical Management ScienceOperations ManagementISBN:9781337406659Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.Publisher:Cengage,
Purchasing and Supply Chain ManagementOperations ManagementISBN:9781285869681Author:Robert M. Monczka, Robert B. Handfield, Larry C. Giunipero, James L. PattersonPublisher:Cengage Learning
Practical Management Science
Operations Management
ISBN:9781337406659
Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.
Publisher:Cengage,
Purchasing and Supply Chain Management
Operations Management
ISBN:9781285869681
Author:Robert M. Monczka, Robert B. Handfield, Larry C. Giunipero, James L. Patterson
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Inventory Management | Concepts, Examples and Solved Problems; Author: Dr. Bharatendra Rai;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2n9NLZTIlz8;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY