(a)
Interpretation:
Thermodynamically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
If
If
In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.
In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.
(b)
Interpretation:
Most kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Kinetic stability can be represented as
If
If
If
In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.
In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.
(c)
Interpretation:
Least kinetically stable product compared with reactant in the given reaction has to be determined.
Concept introduction:
Kinetic stability can be represented as
If
If
If
In an exergonic reaction the products have a lower free energy than it consumes.
In an endergonic reaction the product have a higher free energy than it consumes.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
EBK ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- Addition of HCl to alkene X forms two alkyl halides Y and Z.a.Label Y and Z as a 1,2-addition product or a 1,4-addition product. b. Label Y and Z as the kinetic or thermodynamic product and explain why. c.Explain why addition of HCl occurs at the indicated C=C (called an exocyclic double bond), rather than the other C=C (called an endocyclic double bond).arrow_forward:Draw two major products :Reaction type for the major product :Draw one minor product :Reaction type for the minor productarrow_forward4. Predict the possible major products for the following reactions and decide whether they are the kinetic or thermodynamic product. A. B. H-CI 40°C H-CI 0°Carrow_forward
- Consider the two alkene additions reactions a. What are the major products for each reaction? b. What is the mechanism for each reaction? c. Which reaction would be faster and why? Use words like “transition-state, intermediate and/or reactant/product stability” in your justification. Draw the reaction coordinate diagram for both to assist in your explanation.arrow_forward6arrow_forwardUse the following reaction coordinate diagram to answer the following four questio Consider only the forward reaction. a. Which step is the fastest? b. Which step is the slowest? c. Which step is the most exergonic? d. Which compound will the first transition state appear most like? Free Energy Progress of rxn D Earrow_forward
- Draw the products of each reaction. CHO Br. OCH3 Br2 so3 a. -CN i. H2SO, FeBr3 H2SO4 CH3 NaSCH,CH3 CH,COCI j. AICI3 HNO. b. f. -NHCOCH, -F H2SO, "NO2 CH3O но NO2 CH3 NO2 So3 H2SO, HNO3 H2SO, C. HO. NO2 CH;CH,CI AICI Cl2 d. C- -ососн h. CH;0- -COOCH3 FeClaarrow_forwardThe Diels–Alder reaction, a powerful reaction discussed in Chapter 14, occurs when a 1,3-diene such as A reacts with an alkene such as B to form the six-membered ring in C. a.Draw curved arrows to show how A and B react to form C. b.What bonds are broken and formed in this reaction? c.Would you expect this reaction to be endothermic or exothermic? d.Does entropy favor the reactants or products? e. Is the Diels–Alder reaction a substitution, elimination, or addition?arrow_forwardA B Energy Energy Br Br CH3OH heat CH3OH heat Energy + Reaction Coordinate Energy Reaction Coordinate Answer the following questions for Reaction A 1. Assign the as SN1, SN2, E1 or E2 [Select 2. Number of sets of intermediates [Select] 3. Number of transition states [Select] 4. Choose the correct energy diagram Select Answer the following questions for Reaction B 5. Assign the as SN1, SN2, E1 or E2 [Select1 6. Number of sets of intermediates [Select] 7. Number of transition states [Select] 8. Choose the correct energy diagram [Select] 11 Reaction Coordinate IV Reaction Coordinatearrow_forward
- 1. Consider the following reaction: HBr 0°C He a) Which product is the more stable product, and why? Br Br b) Draw the transition states for the step leading to each of the products. Which transition state is lower in energy, and why?arrow_forwardB in Reaction Coordinate a. A transition state b. An intermediate c. Which reaction is faster, A --> C or C --> A?arrow_forward8. Compound (A) rearranges to compound (B) spontaneously. a) Draw the mechanism using curved arrows, that describes how this rearrangement can occur. (Hint: two shifts are required to obtain the product). H Br H₂C Br b) What makes the formation of the previous product spontaneous (ie. why is the product more stable than the reactant)?arrow_forward
Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage Learning