Chapter 5.9, Problem 24P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The correct alkene wanted to synthesize pentane molecule has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkanes are the unsaturated organic compounds which have carbon-carbon double bond.

Alkanes are the saturated organic compounds which have carbon-carbon single bond.

$\begin{array}{cc}Organiccompound& Genaralformula\\ Alkane& C_n{H}_{2n+2}\\ Alkene& C_n{H}_{2n}\\ Alkyne& C_n{H}_{2n-2}\end{array}$

Alkanes can be prepared from alkenes by various reactions, in which of those reactions catalytic hydrogenation is one of the important reactions.

Catalytic hydrogenation is the process of addition of hydrogen to a compound in the presence of a catalyst.  The most common metal catalyst is palladium, which is used as a powder absorbed on charcoal to maximize its surface area.  The metal catalyst is required to weaken the very strong $H-H$ bond.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The correct alkene wanted to synthesize ethylcyclopentane molecule has to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Alkanes are the unsaturated organic compounds which have carbon-carbon double bond.

Alkanes are the saturated organic compounds which have carbon-carbon single bond.

$\begin{array}{cc}Organiccompound& Genaralformula\\ Alkane& C_n{H}_{2n+2}\\ Alkene& C_n{H}_{2n}\\ Alkyne& C_n{H}_{2n-2}\end{array}$

Alkanes can be prepared from alkenes by various reactions, in which of those reactions catalytic hydrogenation is one of the important reactions.

Catalytic hydrogenation is the process of addition of hydrogen to a compound in the presence of a catalyst.   The most common metal catalyst is palladium, which is used as a powder absorbed on charcoal to maximize its surface area.  The metal catalyst is required to weaken the very strong $H-H$ bond.