Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow should be drawn for showing the movement of electrons.
Concept introduction:
Nucleophile: A Nucleophile carries electron pair (negative charged anion) on the molecule and it attacks the positive charged ions to form a
Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals that are attract by the electron rich centre.
Carbocation: Carbocation is a positive charged species and vital intermediate in
(b)
Interpretation:
The curve arrow should be drawn for showing the movement of electrons.
Concept introduction:
Nucleophile: A Nucleophile carries electron pair (negative charged anion) on the molecule and it attacks the positive charged ions to form a chemical bond in reaction.
Electrophile: Electrophiles are neutral or positively charged species having empty orbitals that are attract by the electron rich centre.
Carbocation: Carbocation is a positive charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
Carbanion: Carbanion is a negative charged species and vital intermediate in organic synthesis and its movement depends on the stability of the intermediate and the product formation.
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionChapter 5 Solutions
Essential Organic Chemistry, Global Edition
- Draw the organic product structure formed by the reaction sequence. Draw the product. Select Draw Rings More Erase H 1. B2H6, diglyme 2. NaOH, H,O, Н-О2arrow_forwardDetermine the number of carbons present in the compound based on the base name. Draw the carbon chain and include any double or triple bonds if indicated in the suffix of the base name. Number each carbon. The carbons can be numbered from left to right or right to left. Draw any substituents on the corresponding carbon atom for which is indicated in the name. Refer to Figures 4 and 5 in the background for a visual representation of numbered carbons with corresponding substituents. Check that each carbon atom has a total of 4 bonds.arrow_forwardDraw the most stable resonance form for the intermediate in the following electrophilic substitution reaction.arrow_forward
- Ether groups are formed when alcohols are treated with acid. Consider the following question that focuses on acid-catalyzed ether formation using alcohol functional groups. There are 3 unique ether products will be formed when the following reaction is performed. Draw the product of the above reaction that has six carbon atoms and an ether functional group. **Be sure to include all lone pairs of electrons.**arrow_forwardModified True or False. Write correct if the statement is True and if false write the word/s that make it false and beside it write the word/s that will make the statement true. 4. Lone pair delocalization decreases the positivity of carbonyl carbon.5. The longer the carbon chain, the higher the boiling point.6. sp3 is 75% p character and this allows C-H hyper conjugation.7. The higher the electronegativity, the higher the temperature needed to break bonds.8. Steric effect increases the boiling point.9. Stearic effect increases the Van der Waals forces.10. Lone pair delocalization decreases the positivity of carbonyl carbon.11. Amines are considered basic.12. The stronger the Van der Waals forces between molecules of the same substance, themore soluble the substance is in water.13. The longer the carbon chain, the lower the solubility of the substance in water.14. Alkanes with less than 6 carbon atoms are gases.15. Stearic effects enhances the solubility in water.16. H-bond can exist…arrow_forwardDraw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. + Ag₂O/ aqueous THF, 0⁰ TIX. ? ChemDoodleⓇ ▾ < баarrow_forward
- 1. Complete the following reactions by writing missing reactant(s), reagent(s), or product(s).arrow_forwardIn the drawing area below, create an acetal with at least 3 methoxy groups, and a total of 5 carbon atoms.arrow_forwardBn Draw the structure of the major organic product formed from the reaction below. Bn H ད ་ + HỌỌC. NH2 N DCC .... NH H Bnarrow_forward
- Draw the structure(s) of the major organic product(s) of the following reaction. H H You do not have to consider stereochemistry. • You do not have to explicitly draw H atoms. • Do not include lone pairs in your answer. They will not be considered in the grading. • If no reaction occurs, draw the organic starting material. • Draw one structure per sketcher. Add additional sketchers using the drop-down menu in the bottom right corner. • Separate multiple products using the + sign from the drop-down menu. 1. LIAIH4 / dry Et₂0 2. aqueous HCI 2 OOD OO. [F ChemDoodleⓇ < 26arrow_forwardCurved arrows are used to illustrate the flow of electrons. Use the reaction conditions provided and follow the arrows to draw the reactant, intermediates, and product in this condensation reaction. Include all lone pairs and charges as appropriate. Ignore stereochemistry. Ignore inorganic byproducts. CH3ONA, CH3OH Select to Draw heat CH3ON a, CH3OH heatarrow_forward- For the dehydration shown, use curved arrows to show the formation of the carbocation intermediate in the presence of sulfuric acid H2SO4H2SO4, then draw the structure of the major product of the elimination. (Picture 1): Step 1: Use curved arrows to complete the protonation mechanism of the alcohol. Step 2: Use a curved arrow to show the formation of the carbocation intermediate. Note: HSO−4HSO4− is formed from step 1, but not shown. (Picture 2): Step 3: Use a curved arrow to show the carbocation rearrangement. Step 4: Draw curved arrows to show the elimination to form the major product. Water is added as a base. - Draw the major product of the elimination. H3O+H3O+ has been pre‑drawn for your convenience.arrow_forward
- Organic Chemistry: A Guided InquiryChemistryISBN:9780618974122Author:Andrei StraumanisPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage Learning