Chapter 5, Problem 5F.3E

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The van’t Hoff factor i have to be calculated.

Concept Introduction:

Freezing point depression:  The freezing point depression is proportional to the concentration of the solute particles and is given by the equation,

  ${\text{ΔT}}_{\text{f}}{\text{=ibk}}_{\text{f}}$

Here,

  ${\text{ΔT}}_{\text{f}}\text{=}$ Freezing point of the solution

  $\text{b=}$ Molal concentration

  ${\text{k}}_{\text{f}}\text{=}$ Freezing point depression constant (depends on the solvent used).

  $\text{i=}$ van’t Hoff factor

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The total molality of all solute species has to be determined.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The percentage dissociation of sodium chloride in the solution has to be calculated.