Chapter 5, Problem 5.37P

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Themass flowrate and velocities of air flowing though trachea and both the primary bronchial tubes are to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A flowchart is the complete representation of a process through boxes or other shapes which represents process units and arrows that represents the input and output of the process. The flowchart must be fully labelled to infer important data about the process involved.

Equation of states for an ideal gas is:

$PV=nRT$ .....(1)

Here, $P$ is the pressure of the gas, $V$ is the volume of the gas, $n$ is the moles of the gas, $T$ is the temperature of the gas and $R$ is the universal gas constant.

Density $\left(\rho \right)$ of a substance is expressed as:

$\rho =\frac{\dot{m}}{\dot{V}}$ .....(2)

Here, $\dot{m}$ is the mass flowrate of the substance and $\dot{V}$ is the volumetric flowrate of the substance. Density can be expressed in several units. For convenience, here it is expressed in $\text{g}/\text{L}$.

The formula to calculate volumetric flowrate, $\dot{V}$, is

$\dot{V}=A\times u$ .....(3)

Here, $A$ is the area of the tube through which the substance flows and $u$ is the velocity of the substance.

Area $\left(A\right)$ is calculated as:

$A=\pi {\left(\frac{D}{2}\right)}^2$ .....(4)

Here, $D$ is the diameter in $\text{'}\text{m}\text{'}$.