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Interpretation:
The conclusion about the homogeneity of the distillate in the fractional distillation of ethanol-water mixture should be determined. Also, whether the mixture has a constant boiling point or not and is pure compound or not is to be determined.
Concept introduction:
The fractional distillation is a technique that is used to separate various components or fractions from a mixture on the basis of their volatilities. The fractional distillation can be used if the boiling point difference between the components is less than
A mixture with uniform composition and properties throughout is called homogenous mixture.
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Chapter 5 Solutions
Macroscale and Microscale Organic Experiments
- Describe how fractional distillation can better purify a mixture of liquids by discussing a liquid vapor phase diagram. Draw a liquid vapor phase diagram and use this in your answer.arrow_forwardWhy is fractional distillation more efficient than simple distillation when purifying liquid mixtures?arrow_forwardPure potassium hydrogen phthalate is used for the standardization of the sodium hydroxide solution. Suppose that the potassium hydrogen phthalate is not completely dry. Will the reported molar concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution be too high, too low, or unaffected because of the moistness of the potassium hydrogen phthalate? Explain.arrow_forward
- Concerning the following two mixtures, methanol/tetrahydrofuran and chloroform/ethylene glycol, could each mixture be separated using fractional distillation?arrow_forwardA student obtained a solid product in laboratory synthesis. To verify the identity of the solid, she measured the milting point and found that the material melted over a 12°C range. After it had cooled, she measured the melting point of the same sample again and found that this time the solid HUD a sharp melting point at the temperature that is characteristic of the desired product Why were the two melting points different? What was responsible for the change in the melting point?arrow_forwardCalculate the weight of benzene codistilled with each gram of water and the percentage composition of the vapor produced during a steam distillation. The boiling point of the mixture is 69.4°C. The vapor pressure of water at 69.4°C is 227.7 mm Hg. Compare the result with the data in the given table.arrow_forward
- physical chemistry: With the given diagram below, How many phases does a mixture of these liquids have? Liquid Amount (mol) xT xW xE A 15 0.5 0.25 0.25 B 20 0.33 0.33 0.33 C 7.5 0.1 0.8 0.1 For the mixture in the problem above, what are the composition of the phases? If there are two phases, what are the compositions of the trichloromethane-rich and water-rich phases?arrow_forwardPAPER CROMATOGRAPHY • Define chromatography • Demonstrate an understanding of the process of chromatography • Describe the steps involved in a chromatography investigation Explanation Coloured inks are often made up of several different inks. Each colour of ink will get carried a different distance by the water, allowing you to see all of the different inks. Try this with different colours to see what actually goes into a colour. This technique is called chromatography and can be used in chemistry to find out what is in an unknown mixture. II. Materials .Felt tip pens (non-washable) . Kitchen roll .A bowl or cup . Water • Scissors III. Health and safety • Make sure that you thoroughly clean any equipment after the experiment before using for food IV. Procedure Method 1 1. Take a sheet of kitchen roll and draw a simple picture with a non-washable felt tip pen. 2. Place the sheet over an empty bowl. This is to keep the paper from getting too wet. 3. Carefully add a few drops of water…arrow_forward1.Define binary mixture 2. Define density 3. Give an abstract of determination of excess molar volume of binary mixtures of water and methanol by measuring densityarrow_forward
- 7.5. For this chemical equilibrium in an enclosed system, how many degrees of freedom are there?arrow_forwardWhat are the differences between a simple distillation and steam distillation?arrow_forwardIn a fractional distillation of a cyclohexane/toluene mixture the effectiveness of the distillation is described in terms of theoretical plates (N). If the number of theoretical plates in a given distilling column is 350 and the length of the column is 20 inches, what is the height equivalent per theoretical plate (H) in inches/theoretical plate? O 7.0 x 103 inches/theoretical plate 0.057 inches/theoretical plate O None of the choices shown O Insufficient information is given. O 17.5 inches/theoretical platearrow_forward
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