To determine The boundary work done during the thermodynamic process. Explanation Assume that the process is a quasi-static process and the nitrogen gas is an ideal gas. Write the mass of nitrogen at final state. m = P 1 ⋅ V 1 R ⋅ T 1 (I) Here, the initial pressure of the gas is P 1 , the initial volume of the gas is V 1 , the initial temperature of the gas is T 1 and the gas constant is R . Write the volume of the nitrogen gas at the final state. V 2 = m R T 2 P 2 (II) Here, the final temperature of the gas is T 2 and the final pressure of the gas is P 2 . Calculate the polytropic index of the gas. P 1 ⋅ V 1 n = P 2 ⋅ V 2 n (III) Here, the polytropic index is n . Write the expression for boundary work. W = P 2 V 2 − P 1 V 1 1 − n (IV) Conclusion: Refer to Table A-2 “Ideal-gas specific heats of various common gases” to obtain gas constant for nitrogen as 0.2968 kJ / kg ⋅ K . Substitute 130 kPa for P 1 , 0.07 m 3 for V 1 , 0.2968 kJ / kg ⋅ K for R and 393 K for T 1 in Equation (I). m = 130 kPa × 0.07 m 3 0.2968 kJ / kg ⋅ K × 393 K = 0.07802 kg Substitute 0.07802 kg for m , 0.2968 kJ / kg ⋅ K for R , 373 K for T 2 and 100 kPa for P 2 in Equation (II)

8th Edition

ISBN: 9780073398174

Author: Yunus A. Cengel Dr., Michael A. Boles

Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education

See similar textbooks

Concept explainers

Work and Heat Transfer

It is generally related to thermal engineering which tells about the use, creation, conversion and transfer of heat energy between the systems. It is also considered that to transfer heat from one source to another, transfer of masses is also required. T…

Videos

Question

Chapter 4.5, Problem 5P

To determine

The boundary work done during the thermodynamic process.

Expert Solution & Answer

Want to see the full answer?

Check out a sample textbook solution

See solution

Chapter 4.5, Problem 4P

Chapter 4.5, Problem 6P

Students have asked these similar questions

The initial cost of a proposed heat recovery system is $375,000. The annual operation andmaintenance costs are projected to be $12,000. The salvage value of the system at the end of itsuseful life (projected to be 30 years) is $60,000. The annual savings in fuel costs resulting fromthis system are estimated to be $55,000 per year.a. Assuming annual compounding, determine the rate of return for this heat recovery system.b. If management has set the MARR to be 15% for a heat recovery system like this, what is themaximum initial cost that can be spent on the system (assuming that all other costs and incomesare the same)?

The initial cost of a machine for a production facility is $225,000. The machine is expected tolast for 10 years with no salvage value. The company’s tax rate is 49% and SLD is used todepreciate the machine. For this type of depreciation, the tax life of the machine is considered 8years and its salvage value is $5,000. The after-tax rate of return is 14.3%. Determine the uniformannual before-tax cash flow.

Three alternatives are being considered for an air cleaning system. All three systems have a lifeof 10 years with no salvage value. System A has an initial cost of $29,000. During the first fiveyears of operation, the annual costs to operate system A are $5,000. During the second five years,the annual cost of system A increases to $16,000. System B has an initial cost of $43,000. Theannual cost to operate system B is $4,000, however, after the first year, this cost increases by$1,600 per year. System C has an initial cost of $58,000 with an annual cost of $2,400. System Crequires two upgrades: one during year 4 which costs $6,000, and the other during year 8 whichcosts $3,000. The MARR for this project is 17%. Determine which air cleaning system should beinstalled based on an economic analysis.

Chapter 4 Solutions

Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach

Ch. 4.5 - An ideal gas at a given state expands to a fixed...Ch. 4.5 - Nitrogen at an initial state of 300 K, 150 kPa,...Ch. 4.5 - 4–3 The volume of 1 kg of helium in a...Ch. 4.5 - 4–4E Calculate the total work, in Btu, for process...Ch. 4.5 - 4–5 A piston–cylinder device initially contains...Ch. 4.5 - A pistoncylinder device with a set of stops...Ch. 4.5 - 4–7 A piston–cylinder device initially contains...Ch. 4.5 - 4–8 A mass of 5 kg of saturated water vapor at 300...Ch. 4.5 - 1 m3 of saturated liquid water at 200C is expanded...Ch. 4.5 - A gas is compressed from an initial volume of 0.42...

Knowledge Booster

Learn more about

Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, mechanical-engineering and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.