Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
10th Edition
ISBN: 9780133922851
Author: Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 42.4, Problem 3CC
Summary Introduction
To explain: The reason behind why nitroglycerin is preferred to relieve chest pain and used to treat heart disease patients.
Concept introduction:
Nitroglycerin is used as a vasodilator that opens blood vessels to improve blood flow. Angina results when there is imbalance between the oxygen supply and oxygen demand without a proportional increase in supply. The process of narrowing of arterioles is known as vasoconstriction. The process of relaxation of arterioles is known as vasodilatation.
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Contractile force generated by cardiac myocytes is regulated by input from the autonomic nervous system. a) Describe the relative importance of the Parasympathetic and Sympathetic branches of the ANS. b) Force modulation and regulation of the rate of relaxation is accomplished by phosphorylation of 4 key proteins. Describe the steps leading to phosphorylation of these proteins. Name each of these proteins and describe the effects their phosphorylation has on cardiac function.
Chapter 42 Solutions
Campbell Biology, Books a la Carte Plus Mastering Biology with eText -- Access Card Package (10th Edition)
Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.1 - Three-chambered hearts with incomplete septa were...Ch. 42.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.2 - Explain why blood has a higher 02 concentration in...Ch. 42.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.4 - Explain why a physician might order a white cell...
Ch. 42.4 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.4 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.4 - Prob. 4CCCh. 42.4 - Prob. 5CCCh. 42.5 - Why is an internal location for gas exchange...Ch. 42.5 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.5 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Describe similarities in the...Ch. 42.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 42.6 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42.7 - Prob. 1CCCh. 42.7 - How does the Bohr shift help deliver O2 to very...Ch. 42.7 - Prob. 3CCCh. 42 - How does the flow of a fluid in a closed...Ch. 42 - Prob. 42.2CRCh. 42 - Prob. 42.3CRCh. 42 - Prob. 42.4CRCh. 42 - Prob. 42.5CRCh. 42 - How does air in the lungs differ from the fresh...Ch. 42 - How are the roles of a respiratory pigment and an...Ch. 42 - Prob. 1TYUCh. 42 - Blood returning to the mammalian heart in a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 42 - When you hold your breath, which of the following...Ch. 42 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 6TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 7TYUCh. 42 - DRAW IT Plot blood pressure against time for one...Ch. 42 - EVOLUTION CONNECTION One opponent of the movie...Ch. 42 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 42 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 42 - WRITE ABOUT A THEME: INTERACTIONS Some athletes...Ch. 42 - Prob. 13TYU
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Each of the following statements briefly describes one of Hb an allosteric interactions. Which of the statements below are false? A drop in the [H+] of blood plasma would lead to a decrease Hb affinity for O₂. An increase in the partial pressure of CO₂ in the tissues would lead to a decrease Hb affinity for O₂- If you inhaled CO for an extended period of time, at partial pressures 1000 fold higher than normal indoor atmospheric pressure, your body would have a difficult time delivering oxygen to your tissues. When the partial pressure of oxygen is low within the atmosphere, your body responds by increasing the biological activity of Hb's negative effectors.arrow_forward. Cardiac output In the late 1860s, Adolf Fick, a professor of physiology in the Faculty of Medicine in Würzberg, Germany. developed one of the methods we use today for measuring how much blood your heart pumps in a minute. Your cardiac output as you read this sentence is probably about 7L/min. At rest it is likely to be a bit under 6 L/min. If you are a trained marathon runner running a marathon, your cardiac output can be as high as 30 L/min. Your cardiac output can be calculated with the formula where Qis the number of milliliters of CO, you exhale in a minute and D is the difference between the CO, concentration (ml/L) in the blood pumped to the lungs and the CO, concentration in the blood returning from the lungs. With Q - 233 ml/min and D - 97 - 56 - 41 ml/L, 233 ml/min 5.68 L/min, 41 ml/L fairly close to the 6 L/min that most people have at basal (resting) conditions. (Data courtesy of J. Kenneth Herd, M.D., Quillan Col- lege of Medicine, East Tennessee State University.)…arrow_forward24. When given an image of a cardiac contractile cell, such as the one belo describe the steps that occur during excitation-contraction coupling (the "before op 1" step show with the squiggly red arrow below), contraction (steps 1-6 below) AND relaxation (steps 7-10 belowl). Be sure to fully describe the role of Ca*2 ATPase and Na Ca+2 exchanger (NCX) in steps 9 and 101 ECF ICF SR Ca2+ RyR 1. Ca sparks Ca signal Contraction Ltype Ca channel 2 K ATP ATP 3 Na 3 Nat Ca Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Cal stores TALL NCX Relaxation Ca2+ oe FI Actin Myosinarrow_forward
- Nonearrow_forwardA 19-year-old male is brought into the hospital by ambulance with a 5-day history of vomiting and lethargy. When you begin to talk with the patient you note that he appears disorientated and looks clinically dehydrated. You gain IV access, a routine panel of bloods sent to the lab, and IV fluids started. On observation the patient has an increased respiratory rate, low blood pressure and tachycardia. ABG performs the results as shown below (the patient was not on oxygen when this was taken). -Ра0;: 98 mmHg •pH: 7.35 .РасО,: 31 mmHg ·HCO,-: 13 mEq/L What does the ABG show? Oxygenation (PaO2): pH: PaCO2: HCO3.: Compensation: Interpretation: 7arrow_forwardIn Dimensional Analysisarrow_forward
- 3)arrow_forwardIf some tissues could extract all the 02 dissolved in arterial blood so that no 02 remained in venous blood, and if cardiac output were 5500 mL/min, then-according to the Fick principle -the VO2 (oxygen consumption or delivery of dissolved 02 to the tissues ) would be ml/min. The dissolved 02 in blood = 0.3 mL/100 mL blood. -arrow_forward3. 10 bme ons Explain the relationship between flow, pressure and resistance in blood vessels, and the factors that affect the amount of resistance. a. Define flow (F), blood pressure (AP), and resistance (R or PR) b. State and apply the general mathematical relationship between flow, blood pressure and resistance. Explain how the body increases and decreases blood flow.arrow_forward
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