Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9780134261928
Author: Michael T. Madigan, Kelly S. Bender, Daniel H. Buckley, W. Matthew Sattley, David A. Stahl
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 4.1, Problem 1CR
Describe the central dogma of molecular biology. With regards to DNA, what is supercoiling and what is meant by the terms antiparallel and complementary?
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What is central dogma of molecular genetics? How does it work ?
To test whether you understand the processes involved in the Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics, determine what amino acid will be formed from the given DNA strand below:
3’ T A C A T G C C G A A T G C C 5’
Note: Prepare the partner strand of this DNA. Discuss how will replication happen by mentioning the enzyme needed then transcribe to form mRNA. Discuss what will happen to mRNA, then translate, mentioning the anticodon to be used. Look at the genetic code to know what amino acid will become part of the polypeptide chain.
Partner DNA strands
the mRNA strands
the tRNA
the formed amino acids
the discussion of the entire procedure
Within genomics, genetic engineering and gene therapy are two topics that are quite comparable. What do they have in common and how do they differ?
Chapter 4 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (15th Edition)
Ch. 4.1 - What is a genome and what is it composed of? What...Ch. 4.1 - Define the terms complementary and antiparallel as...Ch. 4.1 - Why is supercoiling essential to a bacterial cell?...Ch. 4.1 - Describe the central dogma of molecular biology....Ch. 4.2 - Approximately how large is the Escherichia coli...Ch. 4.2 - Prob. 2MQCh. 4.2 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.2 - Prob. 1CRCh. 4.3 - Prob. 1MQCh. 4.3 - To which end (5 or 3) of a newly synthesized...
Ch. 4.3 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.3 - What are the functions of DNA Pol I and III and...Ch. 4.3 - What is meant by the term semiconservative...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 1MQCh. 4.4 - Prob. 2MQCh. 4.4 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.4 - Prob. 1CRCh. 4.5 - What enzyme catalyzes transcription? What is a...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 2MQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 4MQCh. 4.5 - Prob. 1CRCh. 4.6 - What three major components make up an archaeal...Ch. 4.6 - Prob. 2MQCh. 4.6 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.6 - How does the archaeal RNA polymerase differ from...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 1MQCh. 4.7 - Differentiate between the different classes of...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.7 - Describe the two types of secondary structure a...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 1MQCh. 4.8 - What is the function of the acceptor stem of a...Ch. 4.8 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.8 - Prob. 1CRCh. 4.9 - Prob. 1MQCh. 4.9 - Prob. 2MQCh. 4.9 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.9 - Why is the genetic code a degenerate code? What is...Ch. 4.10 - What are the components of a ribosome? What...Ch. 4.10 - How is a completed polypeptide chain released from...Ch. 4.10 - How does tmRNA free stalled ribosomes?Ch. 4.10 - Where on the ribosome do tRNAs bind, and what is...Ch. 4.11 - What are molecular chaperones and why are they...Ch. 4.11 - What macromolecules are protected by heat shock...Ch. 4.11 - How do chaperones assist the Escherichia coli cell...Ch. 4.11 - What proteins are involved in refolding misfolded...Ch. 4.12 - Prob. 1MQCh. 4.12 - Prob. 2MQCh. 4.12 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.12 - Prob. 1CRCh. 4.13 - Prob. 1MQCh. 4.13 - Prob. 2MQCh. 4.13 - Prob. 3MQCh. 4.13 - Prob. 1CRCh. 4 - The genome of the bacterium Neisseria gonorrhoeae...Ch. 4 - Compare and contrast the activity of DNA and RNA...Ch. 4 - What would be the result (in terms of protein...
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- Explain the central dogma of genetics at the molecular level.arrow_forwardTo test whether you understand the processes involved in the Central Dogma of Molecular Genetics, determine what amino acid will be formed from the given DNA strand below: #1: 3’ T A C A T G C C G A A T G C C 5’ #2: 3' T A C T G G C A T A A C A C T 5' Note: Prepare the partner strand of the given DNA. Discuss how will replication happen by mentioning the enzyme needed then transcribe to form mRNA. Discuss what will happen to mRNA, then translate, mentioning the anticodon to be used. Look at the genetic code to know what amino acid will become part of the polypeptide chain.arrow_forwardDescribe the difference between Sanger based sequencing and Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Why is NGS advantageous over Sanger based sequencing?arrow_forward
- please solve the following: (a)Explain how a mutation effects a genotype. (b) Explain how a mutation may or may not effect a phenotype. (c)What is the difference between DNA replication, transcription, and translation. What are the products in each, and what are they used for? please solve accurate and exact.arrow_forwardWhile comparative genomics is fundamentally the study of the differences between the genomes of species, it can also give clues about functional genomics (the study of the biological functions that rely on genomic sequences i.e. related sequences that encode the various proteins within a family). How? Give an examplearrow_forwardIn modern molecular genetics, what is recombinant DNA, and how is it prepared?arrow_forward
- The technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is described. This is another method for examining sequence complexity within a genome. In this method, a DNA sequence, such as a particular gene sequence, can be detected within an intact chromosome by using a DNA probe that is complementary to the sequence.For example, let’s consider the β-globin gene, which isfound on human chromosome 11. A probe complementary to theβ-globin gene binds to that gene and shows up as a brightly colored spot on human chromosome 11. In this way, researchers can detectwhere the β-globin gene is located within a set of chromosomes. Becausethe β-globin gene is unique and because human cells are diploid(i.e., have two copies of each chromosome), a FISH experimentshows two bright spots per cell; the probe binds to each copy ofchromosome 11. What would you expect to see if you used thefollowing types of probes?A. A probe complementary to the Alu sequenceB. A probe complementary to a tandem array near…arrow_forwardMolecular biologists rely on many, often sophisticated, techniques to pursue their discipline. One may list ultracentrifugation, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, electrophoresis, and computer interfacing as fundamental tools. Model organisms provide the raw materials for study. List three "organisms" (or organismic groups) often used by recombinant DNA technologists and describe a major advantage of each group.arrow_forwardPlease explain what is the central dogma of molecular biology? What does it describe?arrow_forward
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What is Genomics - Full Length; Author: Genome BC;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmgIClg0Y1k;License: Standard youtube license