Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 37, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: Before the evolution of land plants how nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria could sustain recycling of nitrogen.
Concept introduction: Nitrogen recycling is a biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted to various chemical forms and gets circulated among the atmosphere, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems. Nitrogen cycle includes fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification processes of nitrogen. Nitrogen cycle is a main process by which nitrogen present in the earth’s atmosphere is converted to ammonia to make it available to living organisms.
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Overview of Transformation Protocol
-Prepare competent bacteria for transformation:
Treat starter E. coli bacteria with CaCl2and Competent Cell Solution (CCS). Store on ice until transformation procedure.
Competent cells are cells that are likely to take up foreign DNA and be transformed. This step increases the likelihood that the E. coli cells will take up the introduced vector and be transformed.
-Transformation procedure:
Obtain two microcentrifuge tubes containing your competent cells. Label one tube +DNA and one -DNA.
Add CaCl2 to both tubes.
Add the transformation mix containing the plasmid DNA to the tube labeled +DNA. Do not add any plasmid DNA to the -DNA tube.
Incubate both tubes on ice for 10 minutes. Then, place both tubes in a 42\deg C water bath for 45 seconds. Replace the tubes in an ice bucket for 2 minutes.
Add recovery broth to both tubes.
Incubate both tubes in a 37 C water bath for 5 minutes.
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Chapter 37 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 37.1 - Explain how the phrase "too much of a good thing"...Ch. 37.1 - Some lawn mowers collect clippings. What is a...Ch. 37.1 - WHAT IF? How would adding clay to loamy soil...Ch. 37.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Note three ways the properties...Ch. 37.2 - Are some essential elements more important than...Ch. 37.2 - WHAT IF? If an element increases the growth rate...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.3 - How do soil bacteria and mycorrhizae contribute to...Ch. 37.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS What is a general term that is...
Ch. 37.3 - WHAT IF? A peanut farmer finds that the older...Ch. 37 - How is soil a complex ecosystem?Ch. 37 - Do plants need soil to grow? Explain.Ch. 37 - Prob. 37.3CRCh. 37 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The inorganic...Ch. 37 - Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts...Ch. 37 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 37 - A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older...Ch. 37 - The greatest difference in health between two...Ch. 37 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 37 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Acid precipitation has an...Ch. 37 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In many...Ch. 37 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 15TYU
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- You will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. You have already cultured it and gone through the plate isolation procedure. Before you ship your samples off for sequencing, you want to do one final check of the A260 ratios. You get back the following ratios: A260/280 ratio is 1.89; A260/230 is 2.01. These ratios are close enough to the accepted "pure" values so they could be considered "pure" and mostly (if not completely) free of contaminants from the PCR process. True Falsearrow_forwardYou will use the following scenario to answer a group of 5 questions. You have isolated a microbe from an environmental sample. The microbe has the ability to perform a new metabolic reaction at a very low temperature, so you are excited that it could be a new species. After receiving your sequence back from the sequencing lab, you feel that you have, in fact, discovered and isolated a new species. You ask a fellow labmate about how you should proceed, and he tells you the following is the proper way to introduce a new species for recognition: Cultures have to be sent to international culture collections. Then a paper must be published describing the new organism and providing a genus and species name. You recall learning about this in your Microbiology course in college. Is this information from your colleague true or false? True Falsearrow_forwardis often a good indication of phylogenetic relatedness in phenotypes. Life-cycle patterns Cleavage patterns O Gene expression O Morphological similarityarrow_forward
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