Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134093413
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 37, Problem 11TYU
Summary Introduction
To explain: Before the evolution of land plants how nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria could sustain recycling of nitrogen.
Concept introduction: Nitrogen recycling is a biogeochemical cycle by which nitrogen is converted to various chemical forms and gets circulated among the atmosphere, terrestrial, and marine ecosystems. Nitrogen cycle includes fixation, ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification processes of nitrogen. Nitrogen cycle is a main process by which nitrogen present in the earth’s atmosphere is converted to ammonia to make it available to living organisms.
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Chapter 37 Solutions
Campbell Biology (11th Edition)
Ch. 37.1 - Explain how the phrase "too much of a good thing"...Ch. 37.1 - Some lawn mowers collect clippings. What is a...Ch. 37.1 - WHAT IF? How would adding clay to loamy soil...Ch. 37.1 - MAKE CONNECTIONS Note three ways the properties...Ch. 37.2 - Are some essential elements more important than...Ch. 37.2 - WHAT IF? If an element increases the growth rate...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 3CCCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 37.3 - How do soil bacteria and mycorrhizae contribute to...Ch. 37.3 - MAKE CONNECTIONS What is a general term that is...
Ch. 37.3 - WHAT IF? A peanut farmer finds that the older...Ch. 37 - How is soil a complex ecosystem?Ch. 37 - Do plants need soil to grow? Explain.Ch. 37 - Prob. 37.3CRCh. 37 - Level 1: Knowledge/Comprehension 1. The inorganic...Ch. 37 - Micronutrients are needed in very small amounts...Ch. 37 - Prob. 3TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 4TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 5TYUCh. 37 - A mineral deficiency is likely to affect older...Ch. 37 - The greatest difference in health between two...Ch. 37 - Prob. 8TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 9TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 10TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 11TYUCh. 37 - SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY Acid precipitation has an...Ch. 37 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND SOCIETY In many...Ch. 37 - Prob. 14TYUCh. 37 - Prob. 15TYU
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Many plants that produce nodules for nitrogen-fixing bacteria are common on disturbed sites. Explain how these plants might simultaneously compete with and facilitate other plant species.arrow_forwardEVOLUTION CONNECTION Imagine taking the plant out ofthe picture in Figure 37.12. Write a paragraph explaining howsoil bacteria could sustain the recycling of nitrogen before landplants evolvedarrow_forwardFigure shows several chemicals that carry nitrogen up from the roots to the rest of the plant. What is the unusual feature of these chemicals that make them good carriers?arrow_forward
- Plants make their own essential elements to complete their life cycle. We have figured out which elements are essential by using hydroponic culture, which involves growing plants in clay instead of soil. Micronutrients of plants include carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen. Plants only require a small amount of macronutrients which include zinc, copper, and iron. There are 4 mistakes in this paragraph, rewrite it to be correct.arrow_forwardPlant growth is limited by available nitrogen. Why is nitrogen fixation a limiting factor? There is very little nitrogen available after fossil fuel combustion utilizes the available nitrogen. Nitrogen must be produced by bacteria due to the inability of recycling by decomposers. There is no nitrogen in the atmosphere; it is only found in aquatic biomes. The stability of nitrogen gas makes it difficult to turn into nitrogen for living things.arrow_forwardA group of researchers wanted to determine how leaf herbivory and seed production of a legume plant (legumes are a family of plants which includes beans and lentils) were affected by the presence of its mutualistic rhizobia (a group of nitrogen-fixing bacteria). They designed an experiment with two treatments: (1) rhizobia absent and herbivores present and (2) rhizobia present and herbivores present. Provide two additional treatments and briefly explain how they would contribute to our understanding of the results of this experiment.arrow_forward
- Anna conducted an experiment that aimed to determine the deficiency symptoms of tomato plants placed in a hydroponic solution. Six bottles were prepared, and each bottle, except for the positive control, lacked a certain micronutrient. In the positive control, all nutrients were provided. Unexpectedly, the control setup still showed symptoms of micronutrient deficiency. Students later on found out that the relative humidity in the room was very high and transpiration was affected. 1.Explain the appearance of these symptoms in the positive control set-up in lieu of the importance of transpiration? 2.Theoretically, how will thermoregulation of tomato plants be affected if transpiration will not occur 3. Discuss internal factors that could affect the rate of transpiration of the tomato plant.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is/are TRUE for nitrogen fixation? A. Process is performed by nitrifying soil bacteria. B. Performed by bacteria present in the roots of all plants. C. Reduction of N2 to NH3. D. Consumes a negligible amount of ATP.arrow_forwardThe two pictures below are two soil profiles that typically form in under different types of vegetation, but can also occur relatively close together: 20 40 First, using morphological clues learned in lab, define what these two soil orders are. Be sure to indicate which soil is which (e.g., "the soil of the left is."). Then describe which CIORPT factor and which soil forming.process is probably most important in determining the difference between these two soil types are fairly close to one another?arrow_forward
- Which of the following explains why pea plants in high soil nitrogen conditions have so few rhizobial nodules on their roots? When there is already high soil nitrogen there is a very large cost to having rhizobial nodules. The rhizobia bacteria in the nodules fix nitrogen when there isn't enough in the soil, so when there is already high soil nitrogen there is no advantage for the pea plant to expend the extra energy housing the rhizobia. The rhizobia bacteria in the nodules use nitrogen when there isn't enough in the soil, so in conditions of high soil nitrogen the plant tries to exclude the rhizobia to keep the nitrogen for itself. When there is already high soil nitrogen there is no benefit to the plant to having rhizobial nodules, which can rob the plant of the high nitrogen supplies so that the rhizobia bacteria do not have to fix the nitrogen themselves.arrow_forwardThe Flemish physician/plant physiologist Jan Baptista van Helmont was the first to publish his claim that the growth of plants (like willow trees) requires nutrition from which environmental source? water (a hydrogen-containing source which we now designate as H2O) sucrose (a carbon-containing source which we now designate as C12H22O11) ammonia (a nitrogen-containing source which we now designate as NH3) glucose (an oxygen-containing source which we now designate as C6H12O6) methane (a carbon-containing source which we now designate as CH4)arrow_forwardFigure 22.19 Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? Nitrogen fixing bacteria exist on the root nodules of legumes and in the soil. Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3 ) into nitrogen gas (N2). Ammonification is the process by which ammonium ion (NH4+) is released from decomposing organic compounds. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are converted to ammonium ion (NH4+).arrow_forward
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