Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 36, Problem 5FIB
Fill in the following substances: produced from ammonia and excreted in urine of mammals: _________; secreted into the tubule when blood pH is too low: _________; actively transported out of the ascending portion of the nephron loop: _________; leaves the tubule by osmosis: _________.
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Students have asked these similar questions
With respect to the renal system, what is reabsorption? Why is it important?
Please mention exactly what impact reabsorption has on the body when it occurs in the different parts of the nephron for the different ions like: HCO3, H2O, K+, NaCl, Ca++ and Nutrients and water, etc.
Explain the kidney's role in water conservation. How much water is reabsorbed (by following other reabsorbed substances) by osmosis? How much water does the nephron loop and collecting duct have to be "tricked" into reabsorbing? How exactly does that work? How do hormones control this process? What effect does alcohol have?
Match the structure of the nephron to its primary function.
Renal corpuscle
Proximal tubule
Loop of Henle
Distal tubule
Collecting duct
responsible for size-selective filtration of the blood
responsible for active transport and reabsorption of ions and
nutrients as well as the reabsorption of water
may or may not reabsorb sodium ions depending on the
presence or absence of the hormone aldosterone.
establishes a strong osmotic gradient allowing the
reabsorption of water, sodium ions, and chloride ions.
regulates reabsorption of water in response to the presence of
ADH & secretes urea into the interstitial fluid to maintain the
osmotic gradient of the medulla.
Chapter 36 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 36.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 36.1 - define homeostasis and describe how urinary...Ch. 36.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 36.2 - describe and compare the urinary systems of...Ch. 36.3 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 36.3 - list and describe the structures of the human...Ch. 36.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 36.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 36.3 - draw and label a nephron?Ch. 36.4 - describe the blood supply of the nephron and how...
Ch. 36.4 - explain the three stages of urine formation,...Ch. 36.4 - describe where in the nephron each process occurs?Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 36.5 - Since the 1950s, when living kidney donation was...Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 36.5 - A patient on dialysis complains that she feels...Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 36.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 36.5 - explain the role of ADH in water reabsorption?Ch. 36.5 - What osmoregulatory problems would occur if a...Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 36.5 - Prob. 4CYLCh. 36.5 - explain how and why the urinary systems of...Ch. 36 - Prob. 1ACCh. 36 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 36 - Prob. 1MCCh. 36 - Explain the two major functions of urinary...Ch. 36 - Prob. 2ACCh. 36 - The human kidney consists of an outer layer called...Ch. 36 - Which of the following matches is correct? a....Ch. 36 - Prob. 2RQCh. 36 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 36 - Long nephron loops a. are common in animals with...Ch. 36 - Prob. 3RQCh. 36 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 36 - Which of the following is True? a. Collecting...Ch. 36 - Discuss the differences in function of the two...Ch. 36 - Fill in the following substances: produced from...Ch. 36 - Prob. 5MCCh. 36 - Describe the processes of filtration,...Ch. 36 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 36 - Describe the role of the kidneys as organs of...Ch. 36 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 36 - Briefly describe and compare the urinary systems...Ch. 36 - Explain and contrast osmoregulation in freshwater...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Reabsorption depends on _________. a. osmosis across the nephron wall b. active transport of sodium across the nephron wall c. a steep solute concentration gradient d. all of the abovearrow_forwardDescribe (and label on a diagram) the structures of a nephron (including associated blood vessels) and give the functions of each structure.arrow_forwardFatty tissue holds the kidneys in place. Extremely rapid weight loss may cause this tissue to shrink so that the kidneys slip from their normal position. On rare occasions, the slippage can put a kink in one or both ureters and block urine flow. Suggest what might then happen to the kidneys.arrow_forward
- Which of the following does not contribute to the process of filtration? (a) active transport by epithelial cells lining renal tubules (b) large surface area for filtration (c) low permeability of glomerular capillaries (d) high hydrostatic blood pressure in glomerular capillaries (e) podocytesarrow_forwardWhy is excretion important in order to achieve osmotic balance?arrow_forwardFigure 41.6 Which of the following statements about the nephron is false? The collecting duct empties into the distal convoluted tubule. The Bowman’s capsule surrounds the glomerulus. The loop of Henle is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The loop of Henle empties into the distal convoluted tubule.arrow_forward
- The renal handling of a novel drug is being studied. When the drug is present in the blood, it is filtered into the Bowman’s capsule and secreted via transport proteins in the renal tubules, but it is NOT reabsorbed. The lines on the following graph represent filtration, secretion and excretion rates of this drug at various plasma concentrations. For the three lines shown (labeled A-C) identify which line represents filtration, which line represents secretion, and which line represents excretion Explain how you determined this.arrow_forwardPlease answer question 17arrow_forwardMatch the following descriptions of transport processes with the appropriate terms. filtration secretion excretion absorption reabsorption ___ process of eliminating metabolic waste products from the body ___ process by which a chemical passes through a membrane or tissue surface and becomes incorporated into a body fluid or tissue ___ process by which hydrostatic pressure forces fluid through a capillary wall ___ process by which chemicals are extracted from the blood and moved into the tubular fluid ___ process of reclaiming solutes from the tubular fluid and returning them to the bloodarrow_forward
- Match each function to its site of action in the nephron. Glomerulus Proximal convoluted tubule Descending limb- of loop of Henle Answer Bank reabsorption of salt only, diluting filtrate Distal convoluted tubule Ascending limb of loop of Henle regulation of NaCl and K+ in bodily fluids by secreting K+ and reabsorbing NaCl filtration of blood p;plasma Collecting duct reabsorption of water only, increasing solute concentration of filtrate secretion of drugs and poisons into nephron lumen transport of filtrate to renal pelvisarrow_forwardSeveral pharmacological agents have been shown to lower the pressure of the filtrate inside the lumen of nephrons. What affect will this have? a hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule increases, GFR increases b hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule decreases, GFR decreases c hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule increases, GFR decreases d hydrostatic pressure of fluid in the Bowman’s capsule decreases, GFR increasesarrow_forwardAcetazolamide is a diuretic that blocks the activity of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase inside kidney tubule cells. This blockage prevents theformation of carbonic acid from CO2 and water. Normally, carbonicacid dissociates to form H+ and HCO3−, and the H+ is exchanged forNa+ from the urine. Blocking the formation of H+ in the tubule cellsblocks Na+ reabsorption, thus inhibiting water reabsorption andproducing the diuretic effect. With this information in mind, what effectdoes acetazolamide have on blood pH, urine pH, and respiratory rate?arrow_forward
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