Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 36, Problem 1MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Excretion is the removal of waste from the body through the urinary system. Animal’s lifestyle is responsible for the type of nitrogenous waste in the form of excretion.
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Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Choose which of the following substances would be too large to be filtered from the blood into the nephron.
a. Urea
b. Simple sugars
c. Proteins
d. Blood cells
e. Amino acids
f. Electrolytes such as salts
Which of the following statements is true regarding Renal Function and
the filtration of molecules? (this is not the same question as '48')
49.
A. Large molecules like Glucose are not filtered into the renal tubules
because Glucose is too big.
B. Glucose molecules are ultimately secreted into the renal tubules; thát is
why Glucose is found in the urine of a normal healthy person.
C. Glucose molecules are filtered into the renal tubules but are rapidly
reabsorbed; that is why very little glucose is found in the urine of a
healthy person.
D. Plasma Electrolytes are simply too big to be filtered into the renal
tubules; that is why only a small concentration of extracellular
electrolytes are is found in the urine of a healthy person.
An important function of the excretory system is to eliminate excess nitrogen produced by metabolic processes. Which of the following organisms excretes nitrogenous wastes as a precipitate, thus using very little water?a. frogb. rabbitc. pigeond. camel
Chapter 36 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 36.1 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 36.1 - define homeostasis and describe how urinary...Ch. 36.1 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 36.2 - describe and compare the urinary systems of...Ch. 36.3 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 36.3 - list and describe the structures of the human...Ch. 36.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 36.3 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 36.3 - draw and label a nephron?Ch. 36.4 - describe the blood supply of the nephron and how...
Ch. 36.4 - explain the three stages of urine formation,...Ch. 36.4 - describe where in the nephron each process occurs?Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 1CSCCh. 36.5 - Since the 1950s, when living kidney donation was...Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 36.5 - A patient on dialysis complains that she feels...Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 36.5 - Prob. 1TCCh. 36.5 - explain the role of ADH in water reabsorption?Ch. 36.5 - What osmoregulatory problems would occur if a...Ch. 36.5 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 36.5 - Prob. 4CYLCh. 36.5 - explain how and why the urinary systems of...Ch. 36 - Prob. 1ACCh. 36 - Prob. 1FIBCh. 36 - Prob. 1MCCh. 36 - Explain the two major functions of urinary...Ch. 36 - Prob. 2ACCh. 36 - The human kidney consists of an outer layer called...Ch. 36 - Which of the following matches is correct? a....Ch. 36 - Prob. 2RQCh. 36 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 36 - Long nephron loops a. are common in animals with...Ch. 36 - Prob. 3RQCh. 36 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 36 - Which of the following is True? a. Collecting...Ch. 36 - Discuss the differences in function of the two...Ch. 36 - Fill in the following substances: produced from...Ch. 36 - Prob. 5MCCh. 36 - Describe the processes of filtration,...Ch. 36 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 36 - Describe the role of the kidneys as organs of...Ch. 36 - Prob. 7FIBCh. 36 - Briefly describe and compare the urinary systems...Ch. 36 - Explain and contrast osmoregulation in freshwater...
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- which of the following is NOT describing the homeostatic function of renal system? Select one: a. Not effective in regulation of acid-base balance b. Very effective in regulation of arterial blood pressure c. Secretion of insulin d. No role in gluconeogenesis e. Regulation of blood glucosearrow_forwardHigh levels of ammonium ions in the urine indicatea. a high level of H+ secretion into the urine.b. that the kidneys are causing blood pH to decrease.c. that urine pH is too basic.d. All of these are correct.arrow_forward1 Uric acid is a waste product used by birds and insects because: a. It is very light. b. It is metabolically cheap to produce. c. It does not require a kidney for its production. d. It makes a coloured pigment for the bird or insect. e. It can easily be converted into useful products like feathers. 2 The nephridia of an earthworm differs from the human nephron in that the nephridia: a. Has no reabsorption of salts. b. Has no reabsorption of water. c. Does not filter the blood. d. Selectively pumps ammonia into the nephridia. e. Is excreting ammonia instead of urea. 3 Oxygen dissociation in your blood: a. Is the release of oxygen to the tissues. b. Occurs in the lungs. c. Is the ionisation of oxygen in water (blood plasma). d. Is controlled by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase. e. Allows oxygen to attach to the haemoglobin. 4 Veins require valves, while arteries do not, because: a. The veins keep branching and the valves control which branch is open. b. Veins have blood that is…arrow_forward
- Which of the following is a function of the kidneys? a. The kidneys remove harmful substances from the body. b. The kidneys recapture water for use by the body. c. The kidneys regulate the levels of salt in the blood. d. All of the choices are correct.arrow_forward1.What is the role of the renal system in regulating potassium ion concentration in the extracellular fluid [ECF]? a. Kidneys filter and excrete excess potassium ions into the urine. b. Kidneys respond to aldosterone by not excreting any potassium ions into the urine. c. Kidneys reabsorb all potassium ions into the urine. d. Kidneys excrete water molecules through aquaporins in the collecting duct. 2.Identify the cardiac dysrhythmia most associated with hypomagnesemia.arrow_forwardOne advantage of the excretion of urea instead of uric acid isthat ureaa. requires less energy than uric acid to produce.b. can be concentrated to a greater extent.c. is not a toxic substance.d. requires no water to excrete.e. is a larger molecule.arrow_forward
- A scientist is analyzing a sample of blood that was obtained from a dog. Which of these findings would most strongly indicate that the excretory system of the dog is not functioning properly?arrow_forwardThe color of urine is determined mainly by a. diet b. filtration rate c. byproducts of red blood cell breakdown d. filtration efficiencyarrow_forwardwhich of the following correctly shows the order in which the filtrate moves through the structures of the nephron? a. proximal tubule - distal tubule - collecting duct - loop of Henle b. collecting duct - loop of Henle - proximal tubule - distal tubule c. distal tubule - loop of Henle - proximal tubule - collecting duct d. proximal tubule - loop of Henle - distal tubule - collecting ductarrow_forward
- A bird just flew overhead and bird droppings landed on your car. The droppings are a white paste. What are the primary components of this excrement? Compare/contrast excretion of ammonia, urea, and uric acid relative to source, energy needed to produce, and toxicity.arrow_forwardThe cortical nephron is characterized by all of the following except: a. short nephron loop b. glomerulus is further from the cortex-medulla junction c. glomerulus is close to the cortex-medulla junction d. efferent arteriole supplies peritubular capillariesarrow_forwardThe nephridia of an earthworm excretes urea because: O a. The urea is used to alter the osmotic pressure of the earthworm. O b. Urea is completely non-toxic. O c. Worms cannot produce the enzymes needed to produce uric acid. O d. Urea does not result in any water loss. O e. Ammonium cannot diffuse out through the skin.arrow_forward
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