Chapter 3.2, Problem 3.7P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given chemical name, formulahas to be given.

Concept introduction:

Rules for naming compounds with polyatomic ions:

• Cation name is given first followed by root of anion name.
• Suffix “ite” or “ate” should be added to root of anion name. Few exceptions are  cyanide, hydroxide, and peroxide.
• Roman numeral is added next to cation name in order to show the oxidation state of metal if the compound has transition metal.
• Polyatomic ions containing oxygen atom ends with “ate” if it is most common. Where there is ion with one more oxygen atom it gets prefix “per”, one less oxygen it ends “ite” and two less oxygen atom it gets prefix “hypo”.

  Example:

  $\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{l}{\text{PO}}_{\text{5}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{= perphosphate}\hfill \\ {\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = phosphate }\left(\text{most common}\right)\hfill \end{array}\\ \begin{array}{l}{\text{PO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = phosphite}\hfill \\ {\text{PO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = hypophosphite}\hfill \end{array}\end{array}$

  Most occurring polyatomic ions

  

  Figure 1

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given chemical name, formula has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Rules for naming compounds with polyatomic ions:

• Cation name is given first followed by root of anion name.
• Suffix “ite” or “ate” should be added to root of anion name. Few exceptions are cyanide, hydroxide, and peroxide.
• Roman numeral is added next to cation name in order to show the oxidation state of metal if the compound has transition metal.
• Polyatomic ions containing oxygen atom ends with “ate” if it is most common. Where there is ion with one more oxygen atom it gets prefix “per”, one less oxygen it ends “ite” and two less oxygen atom it gets prefix “hypo”.

  Example:

  $\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{l}{\text{PO}}_{\text{5}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{= perphosphate}\hfill \\ {\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = phosphate }\left(\text{most common}\right)\hfill \end{array}\\ \begin{array}{l}{\text{PO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = phosphite}\hfill \\ {\text{PO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = hypophosphite}\hfill \end{array}\end{array}$

  Most occurring polyatomic ions

  

  Figure 1

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given chemical name, formula has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Rules for naming compounds with polyatomic ions:

• Cation name is given first followed by root of anion name.
• Suffix “ite” or “ate” should be added to root of anion name. Few exceptions are cyanide, hydroxide, and peroxide.
• Roman numeral is added next to cation name in order to show the oxidation state of metal if the compound has transition metal.
• Polyatomic ions containing oxygen atom ends with “ate” if it is most common. Where there is ion with one more oxygen atom it gets prefix “per”, one less oxygen it ends “ite” and two less oxygen atom it gets prefix “hypo”.

  Example:

  $\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{l}{\text{PO}}_{\text{5}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{= perphosphate}\hfill \\ {\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = phosphate }\left(\text{most common}\right)\hfill \end{array}\\ \begin{array}{l}{\text{PO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = phosphite}\hfill \\ {\text{PO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = hypophosphite}\hfill \end{array}\end{array}$

  Most occurring polyatomic ions

  

  Figure 1

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

From the given chemical name, formula has to be given.

Concept introduction:

Rules for naming compounds with polyatomic ions:

• Cation name is given first followed by root of anion name.
• Suffix “ite” or “ate” should be added to root of anion name. Few exceptions are cyanide, hydroxide, and peroxide.
• Roman numeral is added next to cation name in order to show the oxidation state of metal if the compound has transition metal.
• Polyatomic ions containing oxygen atom ends with “ate” if it is most common. Where there is ion with one more oxygen atom it gets prefix “per”, one less oxygen it ends “ite” and two less oxygen atom it gets prefix “hypo”.

  Example:

  $\begin{array}{l}\begin{array}{l}{\text{PO}}_{\text{5}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{= perphosphate}\hfill \\ {\text{PO}}_{\text{4}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = phosphate }\left(\text{most common}\right)\hfill \end{array}\\ \begin{array}{l}{\text{PO}}_{\text{3}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = phosphite}\hfill \\ {\text{PO}}_{\text{2}}{}^{\text{3-}}\text{ = hypophosphite}\hfill \end{array}\end{array}$

  Most occurring polyatomic ions

  

  Figure 1