Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781305577206
Author: Reginald H. Garrett, Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 32, Problem 15P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The behavior of the given ions as an action potential propagates along an axon needs to be discussed.
Concept Introduction :
An axon is a nerve fiber which is long and is a slender projection in the nerve cell. It conducts electrical impulses identified as potential actions far from the body of the nerve cells.
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Based on the same attached figure as in question
1 above (Figure 6.8A-B in your textbook)
describing the NMDA receptor, a ligand-gated ion
channel for glutamate, why does the current
versus voltage response described by the red line
go from near zero to a negative current at around
-50 mV?
(A)
Channel
pore
Glutamate
Mg2+
(B)
EPSC (PA)
150
100
50
0
-50
-100
-150
Hyperpolarized,
Mg2+ blocks
ORA
Glutamate
+ Mg2+
0/
+
Na
Ca²+
Glutamate,
no Mg2+
Depolarized,
no Mg2+ block
while
K+
100
Mg2+
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Graph of membrane potential versus time The graph above represent time in milliseconds. At what time (in milliseconds) is the inside of the neuron the most positive and why? Explain why the membrane potential changes at X. Explain what is happening at point C to the sodium and potassium ions and how this is affecting the membrane potential. Describe two things that contribute to the resting membrane potential.arrow_forwardHelp pleasearrow_forwardThree options for each {select} box are (is negative) (is positive) or (cannot be determined)arrow_forward
- Regarding the passive electrical properties of a neuron, calculate how the EPSP will be affected as determined by the length and time constants, when the ability of the cell membrane has a capacity of charge separation of 75% and a resistance of 60 %. The student investigating the EPSP has determined that the region of the dendrite in which the electrode shows an internal resistance of 0.5 due the diameter of this dendrite proximal to the soma.arrow_forwardWhat is the Definition for graded potential and action potentialarrow_forwardMyasthenia gravis is a disease that leads to a marked decrease in the number of acetylcholine (Ach) receptors at the neuromuscular junction. As a result, suppose only about 200 (instead of 2000) Ach receptor-channels are opened by each quantum of Ach. The Ach-gated channels that survive operate normally and each cause a depolarization of about 0.25 x 10-3 mV when open. The function of the presynaptic terminal is normal and an action potential will cause the release of 100 quanta of neurotransmitter. Part a.) For a patient with myasthenia gravis, what would be the size (in mV) of a miniature excitatory post-synaptic potential (or that associated with one quantum of Ach)? a.) 0.05 mv b.) 0.25x10-4 mv c.) 0.25x10-3 mv d.) 0.5x10-3 mv e.) 0.5 mv Part b.) For a patient with myasthenia gravis, what would be the size (in mV) of the full excitatory post synaptic potential consequent to the entry of an action potential into the presynaptic terminal of the neuromuscular junction? a.) 70 mv…arrow_forward
- Myasthenia gravis is a disease that leads to a marked decrease in the number of acetylcholine (Ach) receptors at the neuromuscular junction. As a result, suppose only about 200 (instead of 2000) Ach receptor-channels are opened by each quantum of Ach. The Ach-gated channels that survive operate normally and each cause a depolarization of about 0.25 x 10-3 mV when open. The function of the presynaptic terminal is normal and an action potential will cause the release of 100 quanta of neurotransmitter. For a patient with myasthenia gravis, what would be the magnitude of the depolarization (in mV) associated with opening of one Ach-gated channel? a.) 0.25x10^-2 mv b.) 0.25x10^-3 mv c.) 0.25x10^-4 mv d.) 0.5x10^-1 mv e.) 0.5 mvarrow_forwardMatch the events listed with their order in the mechanisms behind the firing of an action potential under normal conditions (without tetrodotoxin present in the man's body). The cell has a resting membrane potential of -65 mV. You should match these events at the initial segment of a bipolar neuron. Please note that this is a sequence question. Although not an option below, you should consider that neurotransmitters are bound to ligand-gated receptors causing EPSPs. Now, put the process in the correct sequence: **arrange from 1-10arrow_forwardThe ion flows across neuronal membranes at rest and duringan action potential do not significantly change bulk ionconcentrations, except for that of Ca2+ ions. Resting Ca2+ ionconcentrations in cells are usually about 10–7 M, and Ca2+ ionsexert physiological effects at concentrations of perhaps 10–5 M.Explain why relative changes of intracellular [Ca2+] are muchgreater than for, say, [Na+] (12–50 mM).arrow_forward
- I need help pleasearrow_forwardare recording from tvWo heuro erize the synapse tn connects vnen he presynaptic neuron (Neuron A) fires an action potential, the postsynaptic neuron (Neuron B) is apidly depolarized. You suspect that the synapse is electrical, and carry out the following experiments to test your hypothesis. 3. To further test your conclusion from Question 1A, you inject the dye Lucifer Yellow (a very small luorescent molecule) into the Neuron A. Would you expect this dye to appear in the Neuron B? Why or why not?arrow_forwardResting membrane potential (assume the following initial conditions; EK = -81 mV, ENa = 58 mV, b = 0.02) Question 9 options: a. If the Na+, K+-ATPase pump was poisoned and ceased working, the membrane potential would gradually become less negative. b. If the extracellular concentration of K+ increased, the membrane potential would depolarize. c. If the intracellular concentration of Na+ doubled, the permeability of the membrane to Na+ would decrease. d. Both a) and b) are correct and c) is incorrect e. Statements a), b) and c) are all correctarrow_forward
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