Chapter 3, Problem 3.39P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation: To identify whether the given compound can hydrogen bond with its own molecules and with water molecule or not.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are those interactions among molecules by which the molecules either attract or repel each other. There are mainly four types of intermolecular interactions these are electrostatic, Van der Waals, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is seen in those molecules in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom containing a lone pair like F, N or O. Hydrogen bond is formed when a H atom bonded to the electronegative atom gets attracted towards the lone pair of the electronegative atom present on another molecule.

Answer to Problem 3.39P

${\text{CBr}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ can neither form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules nor with water molecules.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CBr}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule consists of C – H, C – C and C – Br bonds among which C – Br bond is polar since Br is highly electronegative atom therefore, ${\text{CBr}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecules are attracted to each other not only by van der Waals forces but also by dipole-dipole interactions. But ${\text{CBr}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecular cannot form hydrogen bonds because the electronegative atom that is Br is not bonded to H-atom. ${\text{CBr}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds with water molecules because Br atom has large size and low electron density to form hydrogen bonding with the H-atom of water molecules.

Conclusion

${\text{CBr}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}$ can neither form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules nor with water molecules.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation: To identify whether the given compound can hydrogen bond with its own molecules and with water molecule or not.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are those interactions among molecules by which the molecules either attract or repel each other. There are mainly four types of intermolecular interactions these are electrostatic, Van der Waals, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is seen in those molecules in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom containing a lone pair like F, N or O. Hydrogen bond is formed when a H atom bonded to the electronegative atom gets attracted towards the lone pair of the electronegative atom present on another molecule.

Answer to Problem 3.39P

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NH}}_2$ molecule can form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules and also with water molecules.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NH}}_2$ molecule consists of C – H and N – H bonds among which N – H bond is polar since N is highly electronegative atom and this N-atom is bonded to a hydrogen atom therefore, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NH}}_2$ molecule will form hydrogen bonds not only with its own molecules but also with water molecules because N atom has small size and a lone pair of electron to form hydrogen bonding with the H-atom of water molecules.

Conclusion

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{NH}}_2$ molecule can form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules and also with water molecules.

Interpretation Introduction

(c)

Interpretation: To identify whether the given compound can hydrogen bond with its own molecules and with water molecule or not.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are those interactions among molecules by which the molecules either attract or repel each other. There are mainly four types of intermolecular interactions these are electrostatic, Van der Waals, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is seen in those molecules in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom containing a lone pair like F, N or O. Hydrogen bond is formed when a H atom bonded to the electronegative atom gets attracted towards the lone pair of the electronegative atom present on another molecule.

Answer to Problem 3.39P

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{OCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules but with water molecules it can form hydrogen bonds.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{OCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule consists of C – H and C – O bonds among which C – O bond is polar since O is highly electronegative atom therefore, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{OCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecules are attracted to each other not only by van der Waals forces but also by dipole-dipole interactions. The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{OCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules because the electronegative O-atom is not bonded to a H-atom. But ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{OCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules because O atom has small size and lone pair of electrons to form hydrogen bonding with the H-atom of water molecules.

Conclusion

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{OCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules but with water molecules it can form hydrogen bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(d)

Interpretation: To identify whether the given compound can hydrogen bond with its own molecules and with water molecule or not.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are those interactions among molecules by which the molecules either attract or repel each other. There are mainly four types of intermolecular interactions these are electrostatic, Van der Waals, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is seen in those molecules in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom containing a lone pair like F, N or O. Hydrogen bond is formed when a H atom bonded to the electronegative atom gets attracted towards the lone pair of the electronegative atom present on another molecule.

Answer to Problem 3.39P

The ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2\right)}_3\text{N}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules but with water molecules it can form hydrogen bonds.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2\right)}_3\text{N}$ molecule consists of C – H, C – C and C – N bonds among which C – N bond is polar since N is highly electronegative atom therefore, ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2\right)}_3\text{N}$ molecules are attracted to each other not only by van der Waals forces but also by dipole-dipole interactions. The ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2\right)}_3\text{N}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules because the electronegative N-atom is not bonded to a H-atom. But ${\left({\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2\right)}_3\text{N}$ molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules because N atom has small size and a lone pair of electrons to form hydrogen bonding with the H-atom of water molecules.

Conclusion

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{OCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules but with water molecules it can form hydrogen bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(e)

Interpretation: To identify whether the given compound can hydrogen bond with its own molecules and with water molecule or not.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are those interactions among molecules by which the molecules either attract or repel each other. There are mainly four types of intermolecular interactions these are electrostatic, Van der Waals, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is seen in those molecules in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom containing a lone pair like F, N or O. Hydrogen bond is formed when a H atom bonded to the electronegative atom gets attracted towards the lone pair of the electronegative atom present on another molecule.

Answer to Problem 3.39P

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CONH}}_2$ molecule can form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules and also with water molecules.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CONH}}_2$ molecule consists of C – H, C – C, C = O, N – H and C – N bonds among which C – N, C = O and N – H bonds are polar since N and O are highly electronegative atoms and the N-atom is attached to a hydrogen atom therefore, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CONH}}_2$ molecules are attracted to each other not only by van der Waals and dipole-dipole interactions but also with hydrogen bonds. Thus, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CONH}}_2$ molecule can form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules also with water molecules because N atom has small size and a lone pair of electrons to form hydrogen bonding with the H-atom of water molecules.

Conclusion

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CONH}}_2$ molecule can form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules and also with water molecules.

Interpretation Introduction

(f)

Interpretation: To identify whether the given compound can hydrogen bond with its own molecules and with water molecule or not.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are those interactions among molecules by which the molecules either attract or repel each other. There are mainly four types of intermolecular interactions these are electrostatic, Van der Waals, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is seen in those molecules in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom containing a lone pair like F, N or O. Hydrogen bond is formed when a H atom bonded to the electronegative atom gets attracted towards the lone pair of the electronegative atom present on another molecule.

Answer to Problem 3.39P

${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2\text{Cl}$ can neither form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules nor with water molecules.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2\text{Cl}$ molecule consists of C – H, C – C and C – Cl bonds among which C – Cl bond is polar since Cl is highly electronegative atom therefore, ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2\text{Cl}$ molecules are attracted to each other not only by van der Waals forces but also by dipole-dipole interactions. But ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2\text{Cl}$ molecular cannot form hydrogen bonds because the electronegative atom that is Cl is not bonded to H-atom. ${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2\text{Cl}$ molecules cannot form hydrogen bonds with water molecules because Cl atom has large size and low electron density to form hydrogen bonding with the H-atom of water molecules.

Conclusion

${\text{CH}}_3{\text{CH}}_2{\text{CH}}_2\text{Cl}$ can neither form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules nor with water molecules.

Interpretation Introduction

(g)

Interpretation: To identify whether the given compound can hydrogen bond with its own molecules and with water molecule or not.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are those interactions among molecules by which the molecules either attract or repel each other. There are mainly four types of intermolecular interactions these are electrostatic, Van der Waals, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is seen in those molecules in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom containing a lone pair like F, N or O. Hydrogen bond is formed when a H atom bonded to the electronegative atom gets attracted towards the lone pair of the electronegative atom present on another molecule.

Answer to Problem 3.39P

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules but with water molecules it can form hydrogen bonds.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule consists of C – H and S – O bonds among which S – O bond is polar since O is highly electronegative atom therefore, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecules are attracted to each other not only by van der Waals forces but also by dipole-dipole interactions. The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules because the electronegative O-atom is not bonded to a H-atom. But ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules because O atom has small size and lone pair of electrons to form hydrogen bonding with the H-atom of water molecules.

Conclusion

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{SOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules but with water molecules it can form hydrogen bonds.

Interpretation Introduction

(h)

Interpretation: To identify whether the given compound can hydrogen bond with its own molecules and with water molecule or not.

Concept introduction: Intermolecular forces are those interactions among molecules by which the molecules either attract or repel each other. There are mainly four types of intermolecular interactions these are electrostatic, Van der Waals, dipole-dipole and hydrogen bonding. Hydrogen bonding is seen in those molecules in which a hydrogen atom is bonded to an electronegative atom containing a lone pair like F, N or O. Hydrogen bond is formed when a H atom bonded to the electronegative atom gets attracted towards the lone pair of the electronegative atom present on another molecule.

Answer to Problem 3.39P

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{COOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules but with water molecules it can form hydrogen bonds.

Explanation of Solution

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{COOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule consists of C – H, C – C, C = O and C – O bonds among which C = O and C – O bonds are polar since O is highly electronegative atom therefore, ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{COOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecules are attracted to each other not only by van der Waals forces but also by dipole-dipole interactions. The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{COOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules because the electronegative O-atom is not bonded to a H-atom. But ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{COOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules because O atom has small size and lone pair of electrons to form hydrogen bonding with the H-atom of water molecules.

Conclusion

The ${\text{CH}}_{\text{3}}{\text{CH}}_2{\text{COOCH}}_{\text{3}}$ molecule cannot form hydrogen bonds with its own molecules but with water molecules it can form hydrogen bonds.