(a) Interpretation: The bonding and antibonding MOs that would result from the end-on overlap of chlorine AOs in the Cl 2 molecule are to be drawn. Concept introduction: Overlap of orbitals will result in a bonding MO if their phases in the overlapping parts are the same. In this case, the electron density increases between the nuclei of the two atoms. The overlap will result in an antibonding MO if their phases are opposite in the overlapping parts. In this case, the electron density between the nuclei of the atoms reduces.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.31P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The bonding and antibonding MOs that would result from the end-on overlap of chlorine AOs in the Cl2 molecule are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Overlap of orbitals will result in a bonding MO if their phases in the overlapping parts are the same. In this case, the electron density increases between the nuclei of the two atoms.

The overlap will result in an antibonding MO if their phases are opposite in the overlapping parts. In this case, the electron density between the nuclei of the atoms reduces.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The symmetry of the MOs resulting from the overlap of AOs in the Cl2 molecule is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Symmetry of an MO depends on whether the overlap is end-on- or sideways. End-on overlap is called σ (sigma) symmetry, and sideways overlap is called π (pi) symmetry.

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The following is part of a molecular orbital energy-level diagram for MOs constructed from 1 s atomic orbitals. a) What labels do we use for the two MO s shown? b)For which of the following molecules or ions could this be the energy-level diagram: H2, He2, H2+,He2+, or H2-? C) What is the bond order of the molecule or ion? d) If an electron is added to the system,into which of the MOs will it be added?

Which molecular orbital (MO), from the diagrams shown below, best explains that electrons can move throughout the molecule in allyl carbocation? antibonding MO non-bonding MO bonding MO 888 88 888 4 MO Diagram 1 888 881 888 4 MO Diagram 2 - 888 884 8 8 8 4 MO Diagram 3 (A) bonding MO of Diagram 1 (B) bonding MO of Diagram 2 (C) bonding MO of Diagram 3 Dnon-bonding MO of Diagram 2 (E) non-bonding MO of Diagram 3

3. (a) Based on the compound, deca-1,3,5,7,9-pentaene: (1) Give the total number of TT molecular orbitals (MOS) present. (ii) Give the total number of bonding MOs present. (ii) Give the total number of antibonding MOs present. (iv) Give the number of node(s) present in u. (v) Give the number of node(s) present in yto".

Answer 2

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.31P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The bonding and antibonding MOs that would result from the end-on overlap of chlorine AOs in the Cl2 molecule are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Overlap of orbitals will result in a bonding MO if their phases in the overlapping parts are the same. In this case, the electron density increases between the nuclei of the two atoms.

The overlap will result in an antibonding MO if their phases are opposite in the overlapping parts. In this case, the electron density between the nuclei of the atoms reduces.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The symmetry of the MOs resulting from the overlap of AOs in the Cl2 molecule is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Symmetry of an MO depends on whether the overlap is end-on- or sideways. End-on overlap is called σ (sigma) symmetry, and sideways overlap is called π (pi) symmetry.

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.31P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The bonding and antibonding MOs that would result from the end-on overlap of chlorine AOs in the Cl2 molecule are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Overlap of orbitals will result in a bonding MO if their phases in the overlapping parts are the same. In this case, the electron density increases between the nuclei of the two atoms.

The overlap will result in an antibonding MO if their phases are opposite in the overlapping parts. In this case, the electron density between the nuclei of the atoms reduces.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The symmetry of the MOs resulting from the overlap of AOs in the Cl2 molecule is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Symmetry of an MO depends on whether the overlap is end-on- or sideways. End-on overlap is called σ (sigma) symmetry, and sideways overlap is called π (pi) symmetry.

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3.31P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The bonding and antibonding MOs that would result from the end-on overlap of chlorine AOs in the Cl2 molecule are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Overlap of orbitals will result in a bonding MO if their phases in the overlapping parts are the same. In this case, the electron density increases between the nuclei of the two atoms.

The overlap will result in an antibonding MO if their phases are opposite in the overlapping parts. In this case, the electron density between the nuclei of the atoms reduces.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The symmetry of the MOs resulting from the overlap of AOs in the Cl2 molecule is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Symmetry of an MO depends on whether the overlap is end-on- or sideways. End-on overlap is called σ (sigma) symmetry, and sideways overlap is called π (pi) symmetry.

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Answer 5

Chapter 3, Problem 3.31P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The bonding and antibonding MOs that would result from the end-on overlap of chlorine AOs in the Cl2 molecule are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Overlap of orbitals will result in a bonding MO if their phases in the overlapping parts are the same. In this case, the electron density increases between the nuclei of the two atoms.

The overlap will result in an antibonding MO if their phases are opposite in the overlapping parts. In this case, the electron density between the nuclei of the atoms reduces.

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The symmetry of the MOs resulting from the overlap of AOs in the Cl2 molecule is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Symmetry of an MO depends on whether the overlap is end-on- or sideways. End-on overlap is called σ (sigma) symmetry, and sideways overlap is called π (pi) symmetry.

Answer 6

Chapter 3, Problem 3.31P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The bonding and antibonding MOs that would result from the end-on overlap of chlorine AOs in the Cl2 molecule are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Overlap of orbitals will result in a bonding MO if their phases in the overlapping parts are the same. In this case, the electron density increases between the nuclei of the two atoms.

The overlap will result in an antibonding MO if their phases are opposite in the overlapping parts. In this case, the electron density between the nuclei of the atoms reduces.

Answer 7

Chapter 3, Problem 3.31P

Interpretation Introduction

(a)

Interpretation:

The bonding and antibonding MOs that would result from the end-on overlap of chlorine AOs in the Cl2 molecule are to be drawn.

Concept introduction:

Overlap of orbitals will result in a bonding MO if their phases in the overlapping parts are the same. In this case, the electron density increases between the nuclei of the two atoms.

The overlap will result in an antibonding MO if their phases are opposite in the overlapping parts. In this case, the electron density between the nuclei of the atoms reduces.

Answer 8

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The symmetry of the MOs resulting from the overlap of AOs in the Cl2 molecule is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Symmetry of an MO depends on whether the overlap is end-on- or sideways. End-on overlap is called σ (sigma) symmetry, and sideways overlap is called π (pi) symmetry.

Answer 9

Interpretation Introduction

(b)

Interpretation:

The symmetry of the MOs resulting from the overlap of AOs in the Cl2 molecule is to be determined.

Concept introduction:

Symmetry of an MO depends on whether the overlap is end-on- or sideways. End-on overlap is called σ (sigma) symmetry, and sideways overlap is called π (pi) symmetry.

Answer 10

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Answer 11

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Answer 12

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Answer 13

Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.1P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.2P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.3P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.4P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.5P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.6P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.7P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.8P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.9P Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.10P

Solution Summary: The author explains that the symmetry of an MO depends on whether the overlap is end-on- or sideways.

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